<em>Diamond and graphite are allotropes of carbon and have various differences in their physical properties.</em>
Explanation:
<u>Diamond:</u>
- It is crystalline in nature
- Each Each C is
hybridized and forms 4 covalent binds with neighboring C atoms - The geometry is tetrahedral
- C-C bond length is 154 pm
- It has rigid covalent boning which is difficult to break.
- It acts as an electric insulator
<u>Graphite:</u>
-
It has layered structure
- Each C atom is sp2 hybridized and forms 3 sigma bonds with 3 other C atoms. Fourth electron forms pi bond.
-
The geometry is planar
- C-C bond length is 141.5 pm
- It is soft. Its layers can be separated easily
- It is good conductor of electricity.
This is the comparison of the physical properties of two forms of carbon: diamond and graphite
Answer:
- Sn²⁺ ⇒ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰
- Ti⁺ ⇒ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 4f¹⁴ 6s² 5d¹⁰
- As⁺³ ⇒ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²
Explanation:
The <em>electron configuration</em> indicates the way the electrons of an atom or ion are structured.<u> In the case of cations</u>, by knowing the electronic configuration of the atom (which is neutral), we can find out the cations' configuration by substracting <em>n</em> outermost electrons, where <em>n</em> is the charge of the cation.
Mg⁰ ⇒ [Ne] 3s² = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s². Thus
Mg⁺² ⇒ [Ne] = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶.
In a similar fashion, the answers are:
Sn²⁺ ⇒ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰
K⁺ ⇒ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶
Al³⁺ ⇒ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶
Ti⁺ ⇒ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 4f¹⁴ 6s² 5d¹⁰
As⁺³ ⇒ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²
Answer:
M1 = 49.04 g/mol
Explanation:
The pure benzonitrile has freezing point -12.8°C. By adding a nonvolatile compound, the freezing point will be changed, a process called cryoscopy. The freezing point will be reduced. In this case, the new freezing point is -13.4°C. The variation at the temperature can be calculated by the equation:
ΔT = Kc*W*i
Where ΔT is the variation at the freezing temperature (without the solute less with the solute), Kc is the cryoscopy constant (5.34 for benzonitrile), W is the molality, and i the Van't Hoff correction factor, which is 1 for benzonitrile.
((-12.8-(-13.4)) = 5.34*W
5.34W = 0.6
W = 0.1124 mol/kg
W = m1/M1*m2
Where m1 is the mass of the solute (in g), M1 is the molar mass of the solute (in g/mol), and m2 is the mass of the solvent (in kg).
m1 = 0.551 g, m2 = 0.1 kg
0.1124 = 0.551/M1*0.1
0.01124M1 = 0.551
M1 = 49.04 g/mol
Water intoxication occurs when:
water is consumed in larger amounts without much electrolyte take in.
