Here, we are required to determine which element has atoms with Valence electrons in a higher energy level than those of calcium.
The Valence electrons of the Caesium, Cs atoms has higher energy level than those of Calcium.
First, we need to determine the electronic configuration of each of the elements
- Therefore the Calcium electron configuration will be:
- 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²
- Therefore, for Cs Electron Configuration:
- 1s² 2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰ 4s²4p⁶4d¹⁰ 5s²5p⁶ 6s¹
- Therefore, For lithium, The electron configuration of lithium is :
- 1s²2s¹
- For oxygen, Therefore the O electron configuration will be:
- 1s²2s²2p⁴
- For bromine, the electronic configuration is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁵
Among the elements in the option, the Valence electrons of the Caesium, Cs atoms has higher energy level than those of Calcium.
This is so because the only Valence electron of Cs is located in the 6s orbital and as such has the highest energy level amongst all of the elements.
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c.The warm surface water results in moist air and more rainfall.
Explanation:
- During upwelling, cold water in the ocean is stirred up and brought to the surface.
- The warmer surface water is then taken into deeper parts of the ocean.
- Upwelling allows for nutrient mixing in the ocean and allows for useful gases to circulate well.
- The warm surface water causes the air to be moisty.
- When the air is carried landward towards the coast, it leads to rainfall when the saturated air releases the water.
- The air then becomes cold and dry and it rises up.
- Therefore, warm surface water results in moist air and more rainfall.
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Answer: 53 kPa
Explanation:
Absolute pressure is a pressure value referred to absolute zero or vacuum. This value indicates the total pressure to which a body or system (the chamber in this situation) is subjected, considering the total pressure acting on it.
In this sense, the equation that will be useful in this case is:
(1)
Where:
is the atmospheric pressure
is the vacuum pressure
is the absolute pressure
Isolating from (1):
(2)
(3)
Finally:
This is the absolute pressure in the chamber
Answer: (2) Use the Momentum Principle.
Explanation:
In fact, it is called the <u>Conservation of linear momentum principle,</u> which establishes the initial momentum 
of the asteroids before the collision must be equal to the final momentum 
after the collision, no matter if the collision was elastic or inelastic (in which the kinetic energy is not conserved).
In this sense, the linear momentum 
of a body is defined as:
Where 
is the mass and 
the velocity.
Therefore, the useful approach in this situation is<u> option (2)</u>.
Answer:
similar wave amplitudes
Explanation:
When two waves travelling in the same medium have similar wave amplitudes they are less likely to interfere with each other destructively or constructively because the interference between waves occur when the amplitudes of the waves arrive a position in the medium in opposite directions hence they add up( superposition) or cancel each other out.
Hence if the waves have similar wave amplitudes the interference between the waves will be limited.
