O is what should go in the blank. O stands for Oxygen. 
        
             
        
        
        
The substance that releases the greatest amount of ions will have the greatest attractive forces within its solution, resulting in a reduced freezing point.
K₂SO₄ yields 3 ions
NH₄I yields 2 ions
CoCl₃ yields 4 ions
Freezing points:
CoCl₃ < K₂SO₄ < NH₄I
        
             
        
        
        
It allows a scientist to understand the history of metamorphic rock by estimating the temperature, depth, and pressure at which a rock undergoes metamorphism.
Hope that helped!
        
                    
             
        
        
        
You can use the equation ΔS(surr)=q(surr)/T or ΔS(surr)=-q(rxn)/T.
the two equations are equal since we know that the energy the system (reactoin) puts out just goes into the surroundings.  
(In other words q(surr)=-q(rxn))
Using the equation, <span>ΔS(surr)=-(-283kJ/298K)=0.9497kJ/K or 949.7J/K
This answer makes sense since the reaction is exothermic which means it released energy into the system which usually causes the entropy to increase.
I hope that helps.</span>
        
             
        
        
        
No, within a crystal like structure or ionic lattice of sodium chloride, there are ions of Na and Cl. Na+ and Cl- respectively that are attracted to each other due to their opposite charges. Many of these ions form a crystal structure.