Answer:
Compound A and compound B are constitutional isomers with molecular formula C3H7Cl.
When compound A is treated with sodium methoxide, a substitution reaction predominates. When compound B is treated with sodium methoxide, an elimination reaction predominates.
Explanation:
Constitutional isomers are the one which differs in the structural formula.
When compound A is treated with sodium methoxide, a substitution reaction predominates.
That means sodium methoxide is a strong base and a strong nucleophile.
But when it reacts with primary alkyl halides it forms a substitution product and when it reacts with secondary alkyl halide it forms mostly elimination product.
The reaction and the structures of A and B are shown below:
Answer:
Explanation:
A galvanic cell is composed of two electrodes immersed in a suitable electrolyte and connected via a salt bridge. One of the electrodes serves as a cathode where reduction or gain of electrons takes place. The other half cell functions as an anode where oxidation or loss of electrons occurs.
The representation is given by writing the anode on left hand side followed by its ion with its molar concentration. It is followed by a salt bridge. Then the cathodic ion with its molar concentration is written and then the cathode.
As it is given that cadmium acts as anode, it must be on the left hand side and copper must be on right hand side.
Combustion reaction for menthol is as follows;
CxHyOz + O₂ ---> xCO₂ + H₂O
Mass of CO₂ formed - 28.16 mg
Therefore number of moles formed - 28.16/ 44 g/mol = 0.64 mmol
Mass of water formed - 11.53 mg
number of water moles formed - 11.53 mg/18 g/mol = 0.64 mmol
From CO₂,
1 mol of CO₂ - 1 mol of C and 2 mol of O
therefore number of C moles - 0.64 mmol
O moles - 1.28 mmol
from H₂O
1 mol of H₂O - 2 mol of H and 1 mol of O
number of H moles - 1.28 mmol
O moles - 0.64 mmol
Mass of menthol initially - 10 mg
in reactions, the masses of products are equal to the masses of reactants. The excess mass to the products formed is due to O₂ in air
Original mass of menthol - 10 mg
mass of water and CO₂ - 11.53 mg + 28.16 mg = 39.69
Difference in mass - 39.69 - 10 = 29.69 mg
This difference comes from O moles in air - 29.69 mg/ 16 g/mol = 1.8556 mmol
then O moles coming from menthol - (1.28 + 0.64) - 1.8556 = 0.064 mmol
In menthol
C moles - 0.64 mmol
H moles - 1.28 mmol
O moles - 0.064 mmol
ratios of C:H:O
C H O
0.64 1.28 0.064
x1000 x1000 x1000 to get whole numbers
640 1280 64
10 20 1
Simplest ratio of C:H:O is 10:20:1
therefore empirical formula of menthol is C₁₀H₂₀O
The speed of light is 299,792,458 meters per second in vacuum.
It's somewhat slower in any material substance, and different in
each substance.
(That's 186,282.4 miles per second.)
