Answer is: a. Rubidium (Rb) is more reactive than strontium (Sr) because strontium atoms must lose more electrons.
The ionization energy (Ei) is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the valence electron, when element lose electrons, oxidation number of element grows (oxidation process).
Alkaline metals (group 1), in this example rubidium, have lowest ionizations energy and easy remove valence electrons (one electron), they are most reactive metals.
Earth alkaline metals (group 2), in this example strontium, have higher ionization energy than alkaline metals, because they have two valence electrons, they are less reactive.
Rubidium electron configuration: ₃₇Rb 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s²4p⁶5s¹; one valence electron is 5s¹ orbital.
Strontium electron configuration: ₃₈Sr 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s²4p⁶5s²; two valence electrons is 5s² orbital.
The water cycle renews water supplies by moving water from the oceans, as freshwater, to land
Answer:
Group VII
Explanation:
The electronegativity of an element is the tendency of the atoms of that element to attract electrons that are shared with other atoms.
Each element has a different electronegativity from other elements. In particular:
- Electronegativity increases as we move towards the right along the periodic table - this is due to the fact that as we move to the right, the number of valence electrons in the atom increases, and therefore the tendency of the atom to attract more electrons increases more, in order to fill the valence shell. In fact, the most electronegative group is group VII, which is the last but on one on the right (the last group on the right, VIII, is the group containing the noble gases, which do not react at all, so they do not attract electrons)
- Electronegavity also decreases as we move downward along the periodic table - this is because as we move downward, the number of shells and electrons around the atom increase, so all these electrons "shield" the nucleus (which is positively charged, so it is the one attracting the electrons from other atoms), and so the tendency to attract more electrons decreases.
So, the group of element most electronegative is
VII
Answer:
US. With an installed capacity of 3,639MW in 2018, the US is the leading producer of geothermal energy across the world, producing 16.7 billion kilowatt hours (kWh) of geothermal energy throughout the year. ...
Indonesia. ...
Philippines. ...
Turkey. ...
New Zealand. ...
Mexico. ...
Italy. ...
Iceland.