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Mumz [18]
3 years ago
15

Hiện tượng lọc và siêu lọc

Physics
1 answer:
STALIN [3.7K]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Siêu lọc (UF) là một dạng lọc màng trong đó các lực như áp suất hoặc gradient nồng độ được phân tách thông qua một màng bán thấm. Chất rắn lơ lửng và chất tan có trọng lượng phân tử cao được giữ lại trong cái gọi là retentate, trong khi nước và chất tan có trọng lượng phân tử thấp đi qua màng trong quá trình thẩm thấu (lọc). Quá trình tách này được sử dụng trong công nghiệp và nghiên cứu để tinh chế và cô đặc các dung dịch cao phân tử (103 106 Da), đặc biệt là các dung dịch protein.

Siêu lọc về cơ bản không khác gì vi lọc. Hai điều này khác nhau trên cơ sở loại trừ kích thước hoặc bắt giữ hạt. Điều này về cơ bản khác với sự phân tách khí qua màng, dựa trên tốc độ hấp thụ và khuếch tán khác nhau với số lượng khác nhau. Màng siêu lọc được xác định bằng trọng lượng phân tử (MWCO) của màng được sử dụng. Siêu lọc được thực hiện ở chế độ dòng chảy chéo hoặc dòng chết.

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A mass is oscillating with amplitude A at the end of a spring.
Dmitry_Shevchenko [17]

A) x=\pm \frac{A}{2\sqrt{2}}

The total energy of the system is equal to the maximum elastic potential energy, that is achieved when the displacement is equal to the amplitude (x=A):

E=\frac{1}{2}kA^2 (1)

where k is the spring constant.

The total energy, which is conserved, at any other point of the motion is the sum of elastic potential energy and kinetic energy:

E=U+K=\frac{1}{2}kx^2+\frac{1}{2}mv^2 (2)

where x is the displacement, m the mass, and v the speed.

We want to know the displacement x at which the elastic potential energy is 1/3 of the kinetic energy:

U=\frac{1}{3}K

Using (2) we can rewrite this as

U=\frac{1}{3}(E-U)=\frac{1}{3}E-\frac{1}{3}U\\U=\frac{E}{4}

And using (1), we find

U=\frac{E}{4}=\frac{\frac{1}{2}kA^2}{4}=\frac{1}{8}kA^2

Substituting U=\frac{1}{2}kx^2 into the last equation, we find the value of x:

\frac{1}{2}kx^2=\frac{1}{8}kA^2\\x=\pm \frac{A}{2\sqrt{2}}

B) x=\pm \frac{3}{\sqrt{10}}A

In this case, the kinetic energy is 1/10 of the total energy:

K=\frac{1}{10}E

Since we have

K=E-U

we can write

E-U=\frac{1}{10}E\\U=\frac{9}{10}E

And so we find:

\frac{1}{2}kx^2 = \frac{9}{10}(\frac{1}{2}kA^2)=\frac{9}{20}kA^2\\x^2 = \frac{9}{10}A^2\\x=\pm \frac{3}{\sqrt{10}}A

3 0
3 years ago
If an astronomer wants to find and identify as many stars as possible in a star cluster that has recently formed near the surfac
Andru [333]

Answer:

<em>Infrared telescope and camera</em>

<em></em>

Explanation:

An infrared telescope uses infrared light to detect celestial bodies. The infrared radiation is one of the known forms of electromagnetic radiation. Infrared radiation is given off by a body possessing some form of heat. All bodies above the absolute zero temperature in the universe radiates some form of heat, which can then be detected by an infrared telescope, and infrared radiation can be used to study or look into a system that is void of detectable visible light.

Stars are celestial bodies that are constantly radiating heat. In order to see a clearer picture of the these bodies, <em>Infrared images is better used, since they are able to penetrate the surrounding clouds of dust,</em> and have located many more stellar components than any other types of telescope, especially in dusty regions of star clusters like the Trapezium cluster.

5 0
3 years ago
Consider two waves X and Y traveling in the same medium. The two carry the same amount of energy per unit time, but X has one-se
RideAnS [48]

Answer:

7 / 1

Explanation:

The ratio of their amplitude = one-seventh and the ratio of their amplitude = the ratio of their wavelength

Ax / Ay = λx / λy  = 1 / 7

λy / λx = 7 / 1

7 0
3 years ago
Which group is the most common sedimentary rock
Llana [10]
Shale, sandstone, and limestone are the most commoc types of sedimentary rocks. They are formed by the most common mineral that is found on or near the surface of the Earth
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A particle with charge -40.0nC is on the x axis at the point with coordinate x=0 . A second particle, with charge -20.0 nC , is
ICE Princess25 [194]

A particle with charge -40.0nC is on the x axis at the point with coordinate x=0 . A second particle, with charge -20.0 nC, is on the x axis at x=0.500 m.

No, there is no point at a finite distance where the electric potential is zero.

Hence, Option D) is correct.

What is electric potential?

Electric potential is the capacity for doing work. In the electrical case, a charge will exert a force on some other charge and the potential energy arises. For example, if a positive charge Q is fixed at some point in space, any other positive charge when brought close to it will experience a repulsive force and will therefore have potential energy.

It is also defined as the amount of work required to move a unit charge from a reference point to a specific point against an electric field.

To learn more about electric potential, refer to:

brainly.com/question/15764612

#SPJ4

4 0
1 year ago
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