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3 years ago

What is responsible for initiating a signal transduction pathway?

Physics

1 answer:

Komok [63]3 years ago

8 0

Answer:

The attachment of a signal molecule to a plasma membrane receptor.

Explanation:

The attachment of a signal molecule to a plasma membrane receptor initiates a signal transduction pathway.

Once the target cell receives the signal molecule it converts the signal to a form that can bring about a specific cellular response. This often occurs in a series of steps called a signal transduction pathway. Signal molecules bind to receptor protein, in cell membranes, and generally cause a conformational change in the proteins. This change in conformation is transmitted to the cytoplasmic domain or part of the receptor molecule. The transformed molecule interacts with the information-relaying molecules in the cytoplasm. These molecules are small molecules present in the cytoplasm known as secondary messengers. Calcium ions and Cyclic AMP (cAMP) are examples. This further starts a series of chain reactions, which ultimately reaches the target gene and causes its expression or repression.

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Starting at 1.0 m/s, a cheetah runs with a constant acceleration for 4.8 s reaching a speed of 28 m/s. What is the acceleration

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Answer:

c. $5.6m/s^2$

Explanation:

Initial velocity of cheetah,u=1 m/s

Time taken by cheetah =4.8 s

Final velocity of cheetah,v=28 m/s

We have to find the acceleration of this cheetah.

We know that

Acceleration, $a=\frac{v-u}{t}$

Where v=Final velocity of object

u=Initial velocity of object

t=Time taken by object

Using the formula

Then, we get

Acceleration, a= $\frac{28-1}{4.8}=\frac{27}{4.8} m/s^2$

Acceleration= $a=5.6 m/s^2$

Hence, the acceleration of cheetah= $5.6m/s^2$

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Answer:

X-rays travel through space faster than radio waves.

Explanation:

Electromagnetic waves consist of oscillations of the electric and the magnetic field in a plane perpendicular to the direction of motion the wave.

All electromagnetic waves travel in a vacuum always at the same speed, the speed of light, whose value is:

$c=3.0\cdot 10^8 m/s$

Electromagnetic waves are classified into 7 different types, according to their wavelength/frequency. From shortest to longest wavelength (and so, from highest to lowest frequency), we have:

Gamma rays

X rays

Ultraviolet

Visible light

Infrared radiation

Microwaves

Radio waves

Now we can analyze the 4 statements:

X-rays and radio waves are both forms of light, or electromagnetic radiation --> TRUE. They are both types of electromagnetic waves.

X-rays have higher frequency than radio waves. --> TRUE, as we can see from the table above.

X-rays have shorter wavelengths than radio waves. --> TRUE, as we can see from the table above.

X-rays travel through space faster than radio waves. --> FALSE: all electromagnetic waves travel in space at the same speed, the speed of light.

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