Answer:
Energy required to remove an electron from the atom.
Explanation:
Energy required to remove an electron from an atom describe ionization energy because in chemistry, ionization energy in is the amount of energy needed to remove electrons from the atoms or ions of chemical species.
Ionization energy increases as we move across the period of elements in the group and this is because electrons are bond tighter by high effective nuclear charge and ionization energy of elements increases down the group because electrons are bond together in lower energy orbitals.
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons, so B
This is an acid base reaction which is basically a double displacement reaction. However, since carbonic acid is produced, it rapidly decomposes to carbon dioxide and water.
Answer:
One billion
Explanation:
A nanometer is a BILLIONTH of a meter which means it takes one billion to equal a meter
Answer:
The coefficient of thermal expansion α is

The coefficient of compressibility

Now considering 
From equation (1) we have that

From ideal equation

So

=> 
=> 
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The coefficient of thermal expansion is 
The coefficient of compressibility is 
Generally the ideal gas is mathematically represented as

=> 
differentiating both side with respect to T at constant P

substituting the equation above into 


Recall from ideal gas equation 
So

Now differentiate equation (1) above with respect to P at constant T

substituting the above equation into equation of 


Recall from ideal gas equation that

So

Now considering 
From equation (1) we have that

From ideal equation

So

=> 
=> 