Your allowed to switch lanes as long as the road is clear and you use signals.
I don’t know what you mean by that
Answer:
The outer diameter of the spacers that yields the most economical and safe design is 25.03 mm
Explanation:
For steel bolt
Stress = 210 MPa or 210 N/mm2
Pressure = Stress* Area
Pbolt = 210 N/mm2 * 16^2 *(pi)/4
Pbolt = 210 N/mm2 * 200.96 mm^2 = 42201.6 N
For Brass spacer
Pressure = 42201.6 N
Area of Brass spacer = Pressure/Stress
Area of Brass spacer = 42201.6 N/145 N/mm^2 = 291.044 mm^2
Area of Brass spacer = (pi) (d^2 - 16^2)/4 = 291.044 mm^2
d^2 - 16^2 = 291.044 mm^2* 4/(pi) = 370.758
d^2 = 370.758 + 16^2
d^2 = 626.758
d = 25.03 mm
The outer diameter of the spacers that yields the most economical and safe design is 25.03 mm
