Make a atomic model of carbon-12 in mine craft (If it's good I'll give a lot of points)

How many different sets of equivalent protons are there for para-xylene (1,4-dimethylbenzene)? only 1 two three four?

ELEN [110]

Answer:

Two

Step-by-step explanation:

There are two ways to determine the number sets of equivalent protons in a compound.

(a) By substitution

Replace each H with a different group and see if you get a different compound

For example, the six CH₃ H atoms are an equivalent set, because, if I replace any one of them, I will always get the same compound: 1-chloromethyl-4-methylbenzene (Fig. 1).

Similarly, the four aromatic H atoms are an equivalent set. If I replace any one of them, I will always get the same compound: 2-chloro-1,4-dimethylbenzene (Fig. 2).

Thus, there are two sets of equivalent protons in p-xylene.

(b) By symmetry

Two atoms are equivalent if one can be converted into the other by a symmetry operation on the molecule.

The methyl hydrogens can be interconverted by a combination of reflections about the AB and CD mirror planes and by rotations about the C-C bonds to the ring (Fig. 3).

Similarly, the four aromatic H atoms can be interconverted by a combination of reflections about the AB and CD mirror planes.

Again, we find two sets of equivalent protons.

7 0

3 years ago

Consider the following multistep reaction:

chubhunter [2.5K]

The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:

Consider the following multistep reaction:

C+D⇌CD (fast)

CD+D→CD₂ (slow)

CD₂+D→CD₃ (fast)

C+3D→CD₃

Based on this mechanism, determine the rate law for the overall reaction.

Answer: The rate law for the reaction is $\text{Rate}=k'[C][D]^2$

Explanation:

Rate law is the expression which is used to express the rate of the reaction in terms of the molar concentration of reactants where each term is raised to the power their stoichiometric coefficient respectively from a balanced chemical equation.

In a mechanism of the reaction, the slow step in the mechanism determines the rate of the reaction.

For the given chemical reaction:

$C+3D\rightarrow CD_3$

The intermediate reaction of the mechanism follows:

Step 1: $C+D\rightleftharpoons CD;\text{ (fast)}$

Step 2: $CD+D\rightarrow CD_2;\text{(slow)}$

Step 3: $CD_2+D\rightarrow CD_3;\text{(fast)}$

As, step 2 is the slow step. It is the rate determining step

Rate law for the reaction follows:

$\text{Rate}=k[CD][D]$ ......(1)

As, [CD] is not appearing as a reactant in the overall reaction. So, we apply steady state approximation in it.

Applying steady state approximation for CD from step 1, we get:

$K=\frac{[CD]}{[C][D]}$

$[CD]=K[C][D]$

Putting the value of [CD] in equation 1, we get:

$\text{Rate}=k.K[C][D]^2\\\\\text{Rate}=k'[C][D]^2$

Hence, the rate law for the reaction is $\text{Rate}=k'[C][D]^2$

5 0

3 years ago

How does your body fight a disease

Evgesh-ka [11]

Answer:In general, your body fights disease by keeping things out of your body that are foreign. Your primary defense against pathogenic germs are physical barriers like your skin. You also produce pathogen-destroying chemicals, like lysozyme, found on parts of your body without skin, including your tears and mucus membranes.

Explanation:

my brain duhhh

8 0

3 years ago

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6. A fellow chemist in your research group made 2.4 moles of gas held at a

Whitepunk [10]

Ignore this its not the anwser 2.7g

7 0

3 years ago

Although expensive, platinum is used as a catalyst to break down harmful gases in car exhaust into less harmful gases. Which sta

Dimas [21]

Platinum is solid at room temperature. SInce the catalyst is solid while the medium involves gases, this catalyst is characterized as heterogenous. Because they are different states of matter, they can be easily separated through physical means. So, the answer is B.

7 0

4 years ago

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