In which orbital does an electron in a bromine atom experience the greatest effective nuclear charge?
2 answers:
Explanation:
As the shielding effect is the effect which occurs when electrons shield each other from being attracted by the nucleus.
The effective nuclear charge is the net effective positive charge experienced by the electrons in an atom.
The electronic configuration of bromine is as follows.
Since, 1s orbital is closure to the nucleus hence it will experience the greatest nuclear charge.
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Answer:
A: [H⁺] = 2.4 × 10⁻¹¹ M
B: [H⁺] = 1.2 × 10⁻⁶ M
C: [H⁺] = 1.0 × 10⁻⁸ M
D: A and C are basic and B is acid.
Explanation:
Part A: Calculate [H⁺] for [OH⁻] = 4.1×10⁻⁴ M.
We know the ion-product of water Kw is:
Kw = 1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴ = [H⁺].[OH⁻]
Then,
Part B: Calculate [H⁺] for [OH⁻] = 8.5×10⁻⁹ M.
Kw = 1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴ = [H⁺].[OH⁻]
Part C: Calculate [H⁺] for a solution in which [OH⁻] is 100 times greater than [H⁺].
We know that [OH⁻] = 100 . [H⁺]. If we replace this in the ion-product of water:
Kw = 1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴ = [H⁺].[OH⁻]
1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴ = [H⁺]. 100. [H⁺]
1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴ = 100 . [H⁺]²
1.0 × 10⁻¹⁶ = [H⁺]²
[H⁺] = √1.0 × 10⁻¹⁶ = 1.0 × 10⁻⁸ M
Part D: Indicate whether the solution is acidic, basic, or neutral.
A solution is acid when [H⁺] > 10⁻⁷ M, basic when [H⁺] < 10⁻⁷ M and neutral when [H⁺] = 10⁻⁷M. So A and C are basic and B is acid.