This assumes that the wave has velocity c (is light).
Here we have perfectly inelastic collision. Perfectly inelastic collision is type of collision during which two objects collide, stay connected and momentum is conserved. Formula used for conservation of momentum is:

In case of perfectly inelastic collision v'1 and v'2 are same.
We are given information:
m₁=0.5kg
m₂=0.8kg
v₁=3m/s
v₂=2m/s
v'₁=v'₂=x
0.5*3 + 0.8*2 = 0.5*x + 0.8*x
1.5 + 1.6 = 1.3x
3.1 = 1.3x
x = 2.4 m/s
Answer:

Explanation:
Change in velocity considering the x component will be
Final velocity-Initial velocity

Change in velocity considering the y component will be
Final velocity-Initial velocity

Resultant change in velocity
Acceleration= change in velocity per unit time hence

The distance between Mars and the Sun in the scale model would be 1140 m
Explanation:
In this scale model, we have:
represents an actual distance of

The actual distance between Mars and the Sun is 228 million km, therefore

On the scale model, this would corresponds to a distance of
.
Therefore, we can write the following proportion:

And solving for
, we find:

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