Atom is a neutral element found in nature without any charge. In other words, it has same number of Protons and electrons, whereas ion is a charged thing, either positive or negative. We can find their charge by:
Charge = Number of Protons - Number of Electrons
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Explanation:
Charles's law is one of the gas laws which explains that at constant pressure, the temperature and volume of a gas are directly proportional to each other. According to kinetic theory, as temperature rises the kinetic energy of gas also increases proportionally
The synthesis of
Methyl Phenyl Ether is shown below,
The synthesis takes place in two steps,
Step 1: Formation of Sodium Phenoxide: Phenol being more acidic than Alcohols with
pKa ≈ 10 can loose its proton attached to oxygen atom, as the resulting phenoxide ion is stabilized by resonance. Therefore, when phenol is treated with NaOH (bBase) it looses proton and forms Sodium Phenoxide.
Step 2: Formation of Methyl Phenyl Ether: The Phenoxide ion formed in first step when treated with Dimethyl Sulfate produces Methyl Phenyl Ether through a
Williamson's Ether synthesis Reaction. Dimethyl sulfate is a well known alkylating agent when treated with phenols, thiols and amines. Dimethyl sulfate readily transfers the methyl group and forms NaSO₄CH₃.
The reaction is as follow,