They have a uniform luminosity and are similar to the bulge in a spiral galaxy, but with no disk. The stars are old and there is no gas present. Ellipticals are usually found in the high density field, at the centre of clusters.
Answer:
Average :
UCL = 4.15
LCL = 2.65
Range :
UCL = 2.75
LCL = 0
Explanation:
Given :
Sample size, n = 5
Average, X = 3.4
Range, R = 1.3
A2 for n = 5 ; equals 0.577 ( X chart table)
For the average :
Upper Control Limit (UCL) :
X + A2*R
3.4 + 0.577(1.3) = 4.1501
Lower Control Limit (LCL) :
X - A2*R
3.4 - 0.577(1.3) = 2.6499
FOR the range :
Upper Control Limit (UCL) :
UCL = D4*R
D4 for n = 5 ; equals = 2.114
UCL = 2.114*1.3 = 2.7482
Lower Control Limit (LCL) :
LCL = D3*R
D3 for n = 5 ; equals = 0
LCL = 0 * 1.3 = 0
