Answer:
the maximum length of specimen before deformation is found to be 235.6 mm
Explanation:
First, we need to find the stress on the cylinder.
Stress = σ = P/A
where,
P = Load = 2000 N
A = Cross-sectional area = πd²/4 = π(0.0037 m)²/4
A = 1.0752 x 10^-5 m²
σ = 2000 N/1.0752 x 10^-5 m²
σ = 186 MPa
Now, we find the strain (∈):
Elastic Modulus = Stress / Strain
E = σ / ∈
∈ = σ / E
∈ = 186 x 10^6 Pa/107 x 10^9 Pa
∈ = 1.74 x 10^-3 mm/mm
Now, we find the original length.
∈ = Elongation/Original Length
Original Length = Elongation/∈
Original Length = 0.41 mm/1.74 x 10^-3
<u>Original Length = 235.6 mm</u>
Answer:
-effective technical skills.
-the ability to work under pressure.
-problem-solving skills.
-creativity.
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-verbal and written communication skills.
-commercial awareness.
-teamworking skills.
Explanation:
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Assumptions:
- Steady state.
- Air as working fluid.
- Ideal gas.
- Reversible process.
- Ideal Otto Cycle.
Explanation:
Otto cycle is a thermodynamic cycle widely used in automobile engines, in which an amount of gas (air) experiences changes of pressure, temperature, volume, addition of heat, and removal of heat. The cycle is composed by (following the P-V diagram):
- Intake <em>0-1</em>: the mass of working fluid is drawn into the piston at a constant pressure.
- Adiabatic compression <em>1-2</em>: the mass of working fluid is compressed isentropically from State 1 to State 2 through compression ratio (r).

- Ignition 2-3: the volume remains constant while heat is added to the mass of gas.
- Expansion 3-4: the working fluid does work on the piston due to the high pressure within it, thus the working fluid reaches the maximum volume through the compression ratio.

- Heat Rejection 4-1: heat is removed from the working fluid as the pressure drops instantaneously.
- Exhaust 1-0: the working fluid is vented to the atmosphere.
If the system produces enough work, the automobile and its occupants will propel. On the other hand, the efficiency of the Otto Cycle is defined as follows:

where:

Ideal air is the working fluid, as stated before, for which its specific heat ratio can be considered constant.

Answer:
See image attached.
Answer:
D. Both pull-in and hold-in windings are energized.
Explanation:
The instant the ignition switch is turned to the start position, "Both pull-in and hold-in windings are energized." This is because the moment the ignition switch is turned to the start position, voltage passes through to the S terminal of the solenoid.
The hold-in winding is attached to the case of the solenoid. Similarly, the pull-in winding is also attached to the starter motor. Thereby, the current will move across both windings by getting energized to generate a strong magnetic field.