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N76 [4]
2 years ago
7

Joe is a chemical engineer whose plant discharges heavy metals into the local river. By the test authorized by the city governme

nt, the amount of heavy metals is under the legal limit imposed by the city. By a new and more accurate test, the discharge is above the legal limit, that is, the discharge is in violation of environmental rules. Joe argues with his manager that the plant should reduce its discharges to comply with the newer and more accurate test.
The case contains a conceptual issue insofar as:


A.the issue is whether present emission rates constitute a violation of city regulations.


B.the issue is what is meant by “violation.”


C.the issue is how Joe should balance his obligations to his employer against his obligations to city residents.


D.the issue is whether the heavy metals presently emitted by the plant pose a threat to the health of the community.
Engineering
1 answer:
chubhunter [2.5K]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

B probably

Explanation:

Because the prompt doesn't specify what sort of violation it could be anything maybe when they release the metals during the day and so on.

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Explain the difference between thermoplastics and thermosets giving structure property correlation.
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Thermosetting polymers are infusible and insoluble polymers. The reason for such behavior is that the chains of these materials form a three-dimensional spatial network, intertwining with strong equivalent bonds. The structure thus formed is a conglomerate of interwoven chains giving the appearance and functioning as a macromolecule, which as the temperature rises, simply the chains are more compacted, making the polymer more resistant to the point where it degrades.

Macromolecules are molecules that have a high molecular mass, formed by a large number of atoms. Generally they can be described as the repetition of one or a few minimum units or monomers, forming the polymers. In contrast, a thermoplastic is a material that at relatively high temperatures, becomes deformable or flexible, melts when heated and hardens in a glass transition state when it cools sufficiently. Most thermoplastics are high molecular weight polymers, which have associated chains through weak Van der Waals forces (polyethylene); strong dipole-dipole and hydrogen bond interactions, or even stacked aromatic rings (polystyrene). Thermoplastic polymers differ from thermosetting polymers or thermofixes in that after heating and molding they can overheat and form other objects.

Thermosetting plastics have some advantageous properties over thermoplastics. For example, better resistance to impact, solvents, gas permeation and extreme temperatures. Among the disadvantages are, generally, the difficulty of processing, the need for curing, the brittle nature of the material (fragile) and the lack of reinforcement when subjected to tension. But even so in many ways it surpasses the thermoplastic.

The physical properties of thermoplastics gradually change if they are melted and molded several times (thermal history), these properties are generally diminished by weakening the bonds. The most commonly used are polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polybutylene (PB), polystyrene (PS), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyvinylchloride (PVC), ethylene polyterephthalate (PET), Teflon (or polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE) and nylon (a type of polyamide).

They differ from thermosets or thermofixes (bakelite, vulcanized rubber) in that the latter do not melt when raised at high temperatures, but burn, making it impossible to reshape them.

Many of the known thermoplastics can be the result of the sum of several polymers, such as vinyl, which is a mixture of polyethylene and polypropylene.

When they are cooled, starting from the liquid state and depending on the temperatures to which they are exposed during the solidification process (increase or decrease), solid crystalline or non-crystalline structures may be formed.

This type of polymer is characterized by its structure. It is formed by hydrocarbon chains, like most polymers, and specifically we find linear or branched chains

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