What is the relationship between force and motion described by Newton's first law
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Decompose the forces acting on the block into components that are parallel and perpendicular to the ramp. (See attached free body diagram. Forces are not drawn to scale)
• The net force in the parallel direction is
∑ <em>F</em> (para) = -<em>mg</em> sin(21°) - <em>f</em> = <em>ma</em>
• The net force in the perpendicular direction is
∑ <em>F</em> (perp) = <em>n</em> - <em>mg</em> cos(21°) = 0
Solving the second equation for <em>n</em> gives
<em>n</em> = <em>mg</em> cos(21°)
<em>n</em> = (0.200 kg) (9.80 m/s²) cos(21°)
<em>n</em> ≈ 1.83 N
Then the magnitude of friction is
<em>f</em> = <em>µn</em>
<em>f</em> = 0.25 (1.83 N)
<em>f</em> ≈ 0.457 N
Solve for the acceleration <em>a</em> :
-<em>mg</em> sin(21°) - <em>f</em> = <em>ma</em>
<em>a</em> = (-0.457N - (0.200 kg) (9.80 m/s²) sin(21°))/(0.200 kg)
<em>a</em> ≈ -5.80 m/s²
so the block is decelerating with magnitude
<em>a</em> = 5.80 m/s²
down the ramp.
3000 N of friction exists between the bear and the tree.
The bear goes down at a constant speed, thus there is no acceleration. The forces add up to zero. As a result, upward friction and downward weight result in zero
i.e.,
F-mg=0
F = mg
F = (300 kg)/10 (gravitational acceleration)
3000 N frictional force equals F.
How does friction force work?
- Friction is the force that prevents two solid objects from rolling or sliding over one another. Even though frictional forces, such as the traction required to walk without slipping, may be advantageous, they can also be a significant hindrance to motion.
Between solid surfaces, there are three basic types of friction:
- Rolling
- Sliding.
- Static. They are graded from strongest to weakest. Fluid friction happens when liquids or gasses are mixed together.
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