In the water cycle, evaporation occurs when sunlight warms the surface of the water. The heat from the sun makes the water molecules move faster and faster, until they move so fast they escape as a gas. Once evaporated, a molecule of water vapor spends about ten days in the air.
The total energy supplied to the ice is used to melt the ice. Since the ice starts to melt at and also melts completely at the same temperature, the latent heat of fusion will be the focus in solving this problem.
Latent heat of fusion is defined as the amount of energy that changes a solid substance to liquid state without any change in temperature. It is given by the following relationship;
where m is the mass of the substance and l is the specific latent heat of fusion of the substance.
The specific latent heat of fusion of ice is approximately.
The total heat supplied to the ice was used to melt the ice and is calculated using equation (1), given that m = 4.56kg.
The total energy supplied to the ice is equivalent to the average power P entering the ice multiplied by the time t for which the power is supplied. Therefore;
where t = 1 day and 1 day = 24 hours.
24 hours = 60 x 60 x 24s =86400s.
Hence, t = 86400s.
Substituting into equation (2), we get the following;
Given there are three blocks of masses , and (ref image in attachment)
When all three masses move together at an acceleration a, the force F is given by
F = ( + + ) *a ................(equation 1)
Also it is given that does not move with respect to , which gives tension T is exerted on pulley by only, Hence tension T is
T = *a ..........(equation 2)
There is also also tension exerted by . There are two components here: horizontal due to acceleration a and vertical component due to gravity g. Thus tension is given by
T = ................(equation 3)
From equation 2 and 3, we get
*a =
Squaring both sides we get
* = * (+)
* = ( * )+ ( *)
( - ) * = *
= */( - )
Taking square root on both sides, we get acceleration a
a = *g/()
Hence substituting the value of a in equation 1, we get