If you follow the octet rule, you know that an element must have 8 outside (or valence) electrons to be energetically favorable.
In CCl4, the carbon molecule forms four bonds; one for each chlorine atom. Each bond contains 2 electrons, so it is satisfied.
In PCl3, Phosphorous forms only 3 bonds with chlorine, which means in order to have 8 valence electrons, it also has a lone pair of electrons, not bonded with chlorine.
Now, in CCl4, picture the shape of the molecule like a plus sign, with the carbon in the middle and the chlorine at the four ends. It is symmetrical, and therefore is nonpolar.
In PCl3, the lone pair electrons <em>push</em>, so to speak, the 3 chlorine atoms away, making a T-shaped molecule. Since the chlorine is more electronegative than carbon, the molecule is unbalenced, making it polar.
Air moves from
high(pressure)the regions at the
poles(d0)
For, ClO3- there are 26 valence electrons, so total pairs of electrons are 13.
1 mole = 70.9
X mole = 140
X=1.9746 moles
X= 1.98 when rounded to 3 significant figures.
Answer:
The limiting reactant is B.
Explanation:
The equation for the reaction is given below:
2A + 3B —> C + D
The limiting reactant can be obtained as follow:
From the equation above,
2 units of A reacted with 3 units of B.
Therefore, 5 units of A will react with = (5 x 3) /2 = 7.5 units of B.
From the calculation made above, we can see that it will take a higher unit of B i.e 7.5 units than what was given i.e 6 units to react completely with 5 units of A.
Therefore, B is the limiting reactant and A is the excess reactant.
