Gravitational potential energy, relative to some level =
(mass of the object)
times
(height above the reference level)
times
(acceleration due to gravity) .
Answer:
Thomson's atomic model was successful in explaining the overall neutrality of the atom. However, its propositions were not consistent with the results of later experiments. In 1906, J. J. Thomson was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics for his theories and experiments on electricity conduction by gases.
Summary. J.J. Thomson's experiments with cathode ray tubes showed that all atoms contain tiny negatively charged subatomic particles or electrons. Thomson proposed the plum pudding model of the atom, which had negatively-charged electrons embedded within a positively-charged "soup."
Rotten fruit can be consumed by decomposers.
How much gravitational potential energy does the block have
when it gets to the top of the ramp ?
(weight) x (height) = (15 N) x (0.2 m) = 3 Joules .
If there were no friction, you would only need to do 3 Joules of work
to lift the block from the bottom to the top.
But the question says you actually have to do 4 Joules of work
to get the job done.
Friction stole one of your Joules along the way.
Choice-4 is not the correct one.
Choice-1 is the correct one.
===========================
Notice that the mass of the block is NOT 15 kg , and you
don't have to worry about gravity to answer this question.
The formula for potential energy is (m)·(g)·(h) .
But (m·g) is just the WEIGHT, and the formula
is actually (weight)·(height).
The question GIVES us the weight of the block . . . 15 N .
So the potential energy at the top is just (15N)·(0.2m) = 3 Joules.
To solve this exercise we need the concept of Kinetic Energy and its respective change: Initial and final kinetic energy.
Let's start considering that the angular velocity is given by,

Where,
V = linear speed
R = the radius
In the case of the initial kinetic energy:

Where I is the moment of inertia previously defined.

In the case of the final kinetic energy, we have to,


For conservation of Energy we have, that
, then (canceling the mass and the radius)




