Use the References to access important values if needed for this question. The Pauli Exclusion Principle tells us that no two el
1 answer:
The quantum numbers are used to describe the position of an electron in atom.
<h3>What are quantum numbers?</h3>The quantum numbers are used to describe the position of an electron in atom. I have attached a picture that shows the complete question.
For the 1s orbital;
n =1
l = 0
ml = 0
ms = ±1/2
For the 2s orbital;
n = 2
l = 1
ml = -1, 0, 1
ms = ±1/2
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Answer:
Here's what I get.
Explanation:
The name tells me the compound is a lactone (a cyclic ester).
1. IR spectrum
1770 cm⁻¹
Esters and unstrained lactones normally absorb at 1740 cm⁻¹.
This peak is shifted to a higher frequency by ring strain.
A five-membered lactone absorbs at 1765 cm⁻¹, and a four-membered lactone at 1840 cm⁻¹.
The compound is probably a five-membered lactone.
2. NMR spectrum
2.28 m (2H)
2.48 t (2H)
4.35 t (2H)
This indicates three CH₂ groups arranged as X-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-Y.
The X-CH₂- and -CH₂-Y signals would each be triplets, being split by the central -CH₂- group.
The central -CH₂- signal would be a multiplet, split by the non-equivalent hydrogens on either side.
The peak at 4.35 ppm indicates that the group is adjacent to an oxygen atom ( -CH₂- = 1.3; -CH₂-O- = 3.3 - 4.5).
The peak at 2.42 ppm indicates that the group is adjacent to a carbonyl group (-CH₂-C=O = 1.8 - 2.5.
The only way to fit these pieces together is if γ-butyrolactone has the structure shown below.
Confirmation:
(a) The IR spectrum shows a carbonyl peak at 1770 cm⁻¹.
(b) The NMR spectrum matches that given in the problem.
Considering the definition of molarity and molar mass, the mass of NaF required is 3.771 grams.
<h3>Definition of molarity</h3>Molar concentration or molarity is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution and indicates the number of moles of solute that are dissolved in a given volume.
The molarity of a solution is calculated by dividing the moles of solute by the volume of the solution:
Molarity is expressed in units .
The molar mass of substance is a property defined as its mass per unit quantity of substance, in other words, molar mass is the amount of mass that a substance contains in one mole.
<h3 /><h3>Mass of NaF required</h3>In this case, you know:
- molarity= 0.15 M= 0.15
- number of moles= ?
- volume= 600 mL= 0.6 L
Replacing in the definition of molarity:
Solving:
0.15 × 0.6 L= number of moles
<u><em>0.09 moles= number of moles</em></u>
The molar mass of NaF is 41. 9 g/mol. So, you can apply the following rule of three: If by definition of molar mass 1 mole of the compound contains 41.9 grams, 0.09 moles of the compound contains how much mass?
<u><em>mass= 3.771 grams</em></u>
Finally, the mass of NaF required is 3.771 grams.
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molar mass:
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Answer:
The correct option is: A. carbon-12
Explanation:
The CNO cycle, the abbreviation for the carbon-nitrogen-oxygen cycle, is a catalytic cycle by which the stars produce helium from elemental hydrogen, via a series of nuclear fusion reactions.
This cycle involves the fusion of four protons with carbon (), nitrogen isotope (
), and oxygen isotope (
), to give an alpha particle and two electron neutrinos and positrons.
The reaction involves the regeneration of carbon () nucleus in the last step.
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