The three exposure techniques in photolithography are:
Contact
Proximity
Projection
Alternatives to photolithography in IC processing include;
X-ray
UV
Ion, and
Electron lithography
<h3>What is Photolithography?</h3>
Photolithography is a term in integrated circuit development that describes the patterned films that are formed when a beam of light falls on a substance.
This phenomenon protects the surface of sensitive materials such as glass during some operations like etching. UV and X-rays can be used for this purpose.
John Smeatom, U.K. 18th century, was the first self-proclaimed, civil engineer in the 18th century and IS considered “the father of modern, civil engineering”.