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BigorU [14]
2 years ago
13

The water is flowing through the horizontal constricted pipe. The pressure at one end is 4500Pa, speed is 3m/s and area of cross

-section is A, Calculate the speed and pressure at another end where the area of cross-section is A/3.​
Physics
1 answer:
Oksana_A [137]2 years ago
7 0

The speed and pressure at another end will be 9 m/sec and -31500 pascals.

<h3>What is gauge pressure?</h3>

The difference between absolute pressure and atmospheric pressure is known as gauge pressure. Relative pressure is another name for gauge pressure.

Given data in problem is;

For horizontal pipe, Z₁=Z₂

Pressure at end 1, P₁ = 4500Pa

Speed at end 1, V₁ = 3 m/sec

Speed at end 2, V₂ = ? m/sec

Area of cross-section at end 1,A₁ =A

Area of cross-section at end 1,A₂ = A/3

From the continuity equation;

A₁V₁=A₂V₂

A× 3  = (A/3)×V₂

V₂ = 9 m/sec

From Bernoulli's equation;

\rm \frac{P_1}{\rho g} + \frac{v_1^2}{2g} +Z_1 = \frac{P_2}{\rho g} + \frac{v_2^2}{2g} +Z_2  \\\\ \frac{P_1-P_2}{\rho g } = \frac{v_2^2-v_1^2}{2g} \\\\ \frac{P_1-P_2}{\rho} =  \frac{v_2^2-v_1^2}{2} \\\\ \frac{4500-P_2}{1000} =  \frac{9^2-3^2}{2} \\\\ 4500 -P_2 = 36000 \\\\ P_2 =  - \ 31,500 \ pa

Hence the speed and pressure at another end will be 9 m/sec and -31500 pascals.

To learn more about the gauge pressure, refer to the link;

brainly.com/question/14012416

#SPJ1

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Answer:

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Let masses (M) and (m) of two objects are distance (d) apart. Let F be the attractional force between two masses.

Importance of The Universal Law of Gravitation

It binds us to the earth.

It is responsible for the motion of the moon around the earth.

It is responsible for the motion of planets around the Sun.

Gravitational force of moon causes tides in seas on earth.

Free Fall

When an object falls from any height under the influence of gravitational force only, it is known as free fall.

Acceleration Due to Gravity

When an object falls towards the earth there is a change in its acceleration due to the gravitational force of the earth. So this acceleration is called acceleration due to gravity.

The acceleration due to gravity is denoted by g.

The unit of g is same as the unit of acceleration, i.e., ms−2

Mathematical Expression for g

From the second law of motion, force is the product of mass and acceleration.

F = ma

For free fall, acceleration is replaced by acceleration due to gravity.

Therefore, force becomes:

F = mg ….(i)

But from Universal Law of Gravitation,

Factors Affecting the Value of g

As the radius of the earth increases from the poles to the equator, the value of g becomes greater at the poles than at the equator.

As we go at large heights, value of g decreases.

To Calculate the Value of g

Value of universal gravitational constant, G = 6.7 × 10–11 N m2/ kg2,

Mass of the earth, M = 6 × 1024 kg, and

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Putting all these values in equation (iii), we get:

Thus, the value of acceleration due to gravity of the earth, g = 9.8 m/s2.

Difference between Gravitation Constant (G) and Gravitational Acceleration (g)

S. No.

Gravitation Constant (G)

Gravitational acceleration (g)

1.

Its value is 6.67×10-11Nm2/kg2.

Its value is 9.8 m/s2.

2.

It is a scalar quantity.

It is a vactor quantity.

3.

Its value remains constant always and everywhere.

Its value varies at various places.

4.

Its unit is Nm2/kg2.

Its unit is m/s2.

Motion of Objects Under the Influence of Gravitational Force of the Earth

Let an object is falling towards earth with initial velocity u. Let its velocity, under the effect of gravitational acceleration g, changes to v after covering the height h in time t.

Then the three equations of motion can be represented as:

Velocity (v) after t seconds, v = u + ght

Height covered in t seconds, h = ut + ½gt2

Relation between v and u excluding t, v2 = u2 + 2gh

The value of g is taken as positive in case of the object is moving towards earth and taken as negative in case of the object is thrown in opposite direction of the earth.

Mass & weight

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The mass of a body is the quantity of matter contained in it.

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SI unit of mass is kilogram (kg).

Mass of a body can never be zero.

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The force with which an object is attracted towards the centre of the earth, is called the weight of the object.

Now, Force = m × a

But in case of earth, a = g

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But the force of attraction of earth on an object is called its weight (W).

∴ W = mg

As weight always acts vertically downwards, therefore, weight has both magnitude and direction and thus it is a vector quantity.

The weight of a body changes from place to place, depending on mass of object.

The SI unit of weight is Newton.

Weight of the object becomes zero if g is zero.

Weight of an Object on the Surface of Moon

Mass of an object is same on earth as well as on moon. But weight is different.

Weight of an object is given as,

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Try the following questions:

Q1. State the universal law of gravitation.

Q2. When we move from the poles to the equator, the value of g decreases. Why?

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Q4. Differentiate between weight and mass.

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A skier (m=59.0 kg) starts sliding down from the top of a ski jump with negligible friction and takes off horizontally. If h = 3
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Answer:

35.20 m

Explanation:

By the law of conservation of energy we have,

mg(H-h)=\frac{1}{2}mv^2

g(H-h)=\frac{1}{2}v^2

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H= maximum height attained

Also, the horizontal distance covered by the skier is

D=vt

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thus, height H in terms of D  is given by

H=\frac{D^2}{2h}+h

H=\frac{13.9^2}{2\times3}+3

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Answer:

C

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