"Gamma rays" is the name that we call the shortest of all electromagnetic waves. They're shorter than radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, heat waves, visible light waves, ultraviolet waves, and X-rays. They extend all the way down to waves that are as short as the distance across an atom.
Being so short, they carry lots of energy. They can penetrate many materials, and they can damage living cells and DNA. They're dangerous.
The sun puts out a lot of gamma radiation. The atmosphere (air) filters out a lot of it, otherwise there couldn't even be any life on Earth.
As soon as astronauts fly out of the atmosphere, they need a lot of shielding from gamma rays.
You know the precautions we take when we're around X-rays. The same precautions apply around gamma rays, only a lot more so.
It's only in the past several years that we've learned how to MAKE gamma rays without blowing things up. Also, how to control them, and how to use them for medical and industrial applications.
Answer:
El área de la placa es aproximadamente 5102.752 centímetros cuadrados.
Explanation:
Asumamos que el cambio dimensional como consecuencia de la temperatura es pequeña, entonces podemos estimar el área de la placa de cobre en función de la temperatura mediante la siguiente aproximación:
![A_{f} = w\cdot l \cdot [1 + 2\cdot \alpha\cdot (T_{f}-T_{o})]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=A_%7Bf%7D%20%3D%20w%5Ccdot%20l%20%5Ccdot%20%5B1%20%2B%202%5Ccdot%20%5Calpha%5Ccdot%20%28T_%7Bf%7D-T_%7Bo%7D%29%5D)
(1)
Donde:
- Ancho de la placa, en centímetros.
- Longitud de la placa, en centímetros.
- Coeficiente de dilatación, en 
.
- Temperatura inicial, en grados Celsius.
- Temperatura final, en grados Celsius.
Si sabemos que 
, 
, 
, 
and 
, entonces el área de la placa a la temperatura final:
![A_{f} = (65\,cm)\cdot (78\,cm)\cdot \left[1+\left(17\times 10^{-6}\,\frac{1}{^{\circ}C} \right)\cdot (400\,^{\circ}C-20\,^{\circ}C)\right]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=A_%7Bf%7D%20%3D%20%2865%5C%2Ccm%29%5Ccdot%20%2878%5C%2Ccm%29%5Ccdot%20%5Cleft%5B1%2B%5Cleft%2817%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-6%7D%5C%2C%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B%5E%7B%5Ccirc%7DC%7D%20%5Cright%29%5Ccdot%20%28400%5C%2C%5E%7B%5Ccirc%7DC-20%5C%2C%5E%7B%5Ccirc%7DC%29%5Cright%5D)
El área de la placa es aproximadamente 5102.752 centímetros cuadrados.
5... 589. 40....even though the zeros don't really count
Answer:
The average distance is 999.936 light years.
Solution:
As per the question:
Ours is the Milky Way Galaxy with the diameter:
D = 1,00,000 ly
Radius, R = 
Now,
A = 
The area to each civilization, A' is:
A' = 
The radius of each area of civilization, r:
Thus the average separation distance between civilizations is given as:
2r = 
