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Ulleksa [173]
1 year ago
9

if 14.0 g of aluminium reacts with excess sulfuric acid to produce 75.26 g of aluminium sulfate, what is the percent yield?

Chemistry
1 answer:
vlada-n [284]1 year ago
7 0

Taking into account definition of percent yield, the percent yield for the reaction is 84.88%.

<h3>Reaction stoichiometry</h3>

In first place, the balanced reaction is:

2 Al + 3 H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3 H₂

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

  • Al: 2 moles
  • H₂SO₄: 3 moles
  • Al₂(SO₄)₃. 1 mole
  • H₂: 3 moles

The molar mass of the compounds is:

  • Al: 27 g/mole
  • H₂SO₄: 98 g/mole
  • Al₂(SO₄)₃: 342 g/mole
  • H₂: 2 g/mole

Then, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:

  • Al: 2 moles ×27 g/mole= 54 grams
  • H₂SO₄: 3 moles ×98 g/mole= 294 grams
  • Al₂(SO₄)₃: 1 mole ×342 g/mole= 342 grams
  • H₂: 3 moles ×2 g/mole= 6 grams

<h3>Mass of aluminium sulfate formed</h3>

The following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 54 grams of aluminium form 342 grams of aluminium sulfate, 14 grams of aluminium form how much mass of aluminium sulfate?

mass of aluminium sulfate=\frac{14 grams of aluminium x342 grams of aluminium sulfate}{54 grams of aluminium}

<u><em>mass of aluminium sulfate= 88.67 grams</em></u>

Then, 88.67 grams of aluminium sulfate can be produced if 14.0 g of aluminium reacts with excess sulfuric acid.

<h3>Percent yield</h3>

The percent yield is the ratio of the actual return to the theoretical return expressed as a percentage.

The percent yield is calculated as the experimental yield divided by the theoretical yield multiplied by 100%:

percent yield=\frac{actual yield}{theorical yield} x100

where the theoretical yield is the amount of product acquired through the complete conversion of all reagents in the final product, that is, it is the maximum amount of product that could be formed from the given amounts of reagents.

<h3>Percent yield for the reaction in this case</h3>

In this case, you know:

  • actual yield= 75.26 grams
  • theorical yield= 88.67 grams

Replacing in the definition of percent yields:

percent yield=\frac{75.26 grams}{88.67 grams} x100

Solving:

<u><em>percent yield= 84.88%</em></u>

Finally, the percent yield for the reaction is 84.88%.

Learn more about

the reaction stoichiometry:

brainly.com/question/24741074

brainly.com/question/24653699

percent yield:

brainly.com/question/14408642

#SPJ1

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GarryVolchara [31]

As per as the Multiplication rules of the significant figures, whenever any numbers in the decimals forms are multiplied or divided then result in mentioned in such a way so that the significant figures after the decimal will be same as that in the given least condition.


_______________________________


102900/12 = 8575


170 × 1.27 = 215.9


∴ (102,900 ÷ 12) + (170 × 1.27) =  8575 + 215.9


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8 0
3 years ago
The ammonia molecule in the diagram has the observed bond orientation because ...
aivan3 [116]

Answer:

  • Nitrogen has four pairs of electrons: 3 bonds and 1 lone pair in the valence shell;
  • Electrons repel one another based on the VSEPR theory;
  • Nitrogen has a total of 7 protons (its atomic number is 7) in its nucleus.

Explanation:

The shape and the bond orientation of molecules and ions are both explained by the valences shell electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR).

Ammonia, NH_3, is a molecule which contains three N-H bonds, as well as one lone pair on nitrogen. According to the VSEPR theory, molecules try to acquire a shape which would minimize the repulsion exhibited by the electron clouds present, that is, between the bonding (shared in a bond) and non-bonding (lone pair) electrons.

In VSEPR, our main step is to calculate the steric number, this is the sum of the number of bonds (ignoring the multiplicity of any bond) and the lone pairs on a central atom. In ammonia, we have 3 bonds and 1 lone pair, totaling to a steric number of 4. A steric number of 4 without any lone pairs on a central atom and just bonds would yield a tetrahedral shape with bond angles of 109.5^o.

Now, in this case, since we have a lone pair instead of a bond, it is repelling stronger decreasing the bond angles to about 107^o.

The greater the number of lone pairs, the lower the angle becomes.

To summarize:

  • Nitrogen has four pairs of electrons: 3 bonds and 1 lone pair in the valence shell;
  • Electrons repel one another based on the VSEPR theory;
  • Nitrogen has a total of 7 protons (its atomic number is 7) in its nucleus.
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3 years ago
as the elements period 3 are considered in order of increasing atomic number, the number of principal energy levels in each succ
Diano4ka-milaya [45]

Answer:

stay the same.

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Na:  1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1

Ar:    s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

As we move from left to right, and ignoring the already-filled 1s, 2s, and 2p orbitals, the period three starting and ending elements have the following:

Na: 3s1

Ar: 3s2, 3p6

All the new electrons electrons filled the third energy level (3s and 3p).  So the energy level does not change, just the orbitals.

5 0
3 years ago
A solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of 3.25 × 10-2 m is ________ and has a hydroxide concentration of _______
Romashka-Z-Leto [24]

To know the acidity of a solution, we calculate the pH value. The formula for pH is given as:

<span>pH = - log [H+]            where H+ must be in Molar</span>

We are given that H+ = 3.25 × 10-2 M

Therefore the pH is:

pH = - log [3.25 × 10-2] 

pH = 1.488

Since pH is way below 7, therefore the solution is acidic.

 

To find for the OH- concentration, we must remember that the product of H+ and OH- is equivalent to 10^-14. Therefore,

[H+]*[OH-] = 10^-14 <span>
</span>[OH-] = 10^-14 / [H+]

[OH-] = 10^-14 / 3.25 × 10-2

[OH-] = 3.08 × 10-13 M

 

Answers:

Acidic

[OH-] = 3.08 <span>× 10-13 M</span>

6 0
3 years ago
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