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1 year ago

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d.v. hoyt, "an empirical determination of the heating of the earth by the carbon dioxide greenhouse effect", nature 282 (22 nove

mber 1979), 388 - 390.

1 answer:

AleksAgata [21]1 year ago

7 0

The impact of a higher atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration on Earth's surface temperature has been the subject of numerous theoretical calculations1,2.

Estimates of the rise in Earth's surface temperature brought on by doubling the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere typically fall between 0.7 and 2.9 °C. The temperature rises range from 0.096 to 0.40 °C for a 10% increase in carbon dioxide.
All of these conclusions were reached through the use of theoretical models, ranging in complexity from one-dimensional investigations of the planetary radiation budget to three-dimensional general circulation models.
Here, a novel solution to this issue is discussed, enabling the calculation of an empirical estimate of the heating of the Earth's surface caused by the greenhouse effect of carbon dioxide.

This method suggests that the Earth only warmed by 0.40 °C or less between 1880 and 1970.

Learn more about green house effect here:

brainly.com/question/19521661

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3 years ago

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3 years ago

Carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form carbonic acid, which is primarily dissolved CO2. Dissolved CO2 satisfies the equilibri

lorasvet [3.4K]

Explanation:

The reaction equation will be as follows.

$CO_{2}(aq) + H_{2}O \rightleftharpoons H^{+}(aq) + HCO^{-}_{3}(aq)$

Calculate the amount of $CO_{2}$ dissolved as follows.

$CO_{2}(aq) = K_{CO_{2}} \times P_{CO_{2}}$

It is given that $K_{CO_{2}}$ = 0.032 M/atm and $P_{CO_{2}}$ = $1.9 \times 10^{-4}$ atm.

Hence, $[CO_{2}]$ will be calculated as follows.

$[CO_{2}]$ = $K_{CO_{2}} \times P_{CO_{2}}$

= $0.032 M/atm \times 1.9 \times 10^{-4}atm$

= $0.0608 \times 10^{-4}$

or, = $0.608 \times 10^{-5}$

It is given that $K_{a} = 4.46 \times 10^{-7}$

As, $K_{a} = \frac{[H^{+}]^{2}}{[CO_{2}]}$

$4.46 \times 10^{-7} = \frac{[H^{+}]^{2}}{0.608 \times 10^{-5}}$

$[H^{+}]^{2}$ = $2.71 \times 10^{-12}$

$[H^{+}]$ = $1.64 \times 10^{-6}$

Since, we know that pH = $-log [H^{+}]$

So, pH = $-log (1.64 \times 10^{-6})$

= 5.7

Therefore, we can conclude that pH of water in equilibrium with the atmosphere is 5.7.

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2 years ago

A) Calculate the average density of the following object (assume it is a perfect sphere). SHOW ALL YOUR WORK (formulas used, num

-BARSIC- [3]

Answers:

A) 2040 kg/m³; B) 58 600 km

Explanation:

A) Density

$V = \frac{ 4}{3 }\pi r^{3} = \frac{ 4}{3 }\pi\times (\text{1150 km})^{3} = 6.37 \times 10^{9} \text{ km}^{3}$

$\text{Density} = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{volume}} = \frac{1.3\times 10^{22} \text{ kg} }{6.37 \times 10^{9} \text{ km}^{3}}\times (\frac{\text{1 km}}{\text{1000 m}})^{3} = \text{2040 kg/m}^{3}$

<em>B) Radius</em>

$\text{Volume} = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{density}} = \frac{5.68\times 10^{26} \text{ kg} }{687 \text{ kg/m}^{3} }= 8.268 \times 10^{23} \text{ m}^{3}$

$V = \frac{ 4}{3 }\pi r^{3}$

$r^{3} = \frac{3V }{4 \pi }\$

$r= \sqrt [3]{ \frac{3V }{4 \pi } }$

$r= \sqrt [3]{ \frac{3\times 8.268 \times 10^{23} \text{ m}^{3}}{4 \pi } }= \sqrt [3]{ 1.974 \times 10^{23} \text{ m}^{3}}= 5.82 \times 10^{7} \text{ m}=\text{58 200 km}$

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3 years ago