Question

As voltage was being increased, what did you observe about the motion of charges in the external circuit?

Answer 1

The top plate grew more positively charged as the voltage was raised, while the bottom plate became more negatively charged. Accordingly, the electron moves from the top plate to the bottom plate.

What is a voltage?

When charged electrons (current) are forced through a conducting loop by the pressure of an electrical circuit's power source, they can perform tasks like lighting a lamp.

In a nutshell, voltage equals pressure and is expressed in volts (V). The name honours Alessandro Volta (1745–1827), an Italian physicist who developed the voltaic pile, the precursor of the modern household battery.

Early on, voltage was referred to as electromotive force (emf). This is the reason why the symbol E is used to denote voltage in equations like Ohm's Law.

The words "potential difference" and "voltage" are frequently used interchangeably. The potential energy difference between two places in a circuit might be a better way to define potential difference. How much potential energy there is to transport electrons from one specific place to another depends on the differential (measured in volts). The amount indicates the maximum amount of work that could possibly be done through the circuit.

For instance, a standard AA alkaline battery provides 1.5 V. Electrical outlets seen in most homes provide 120 V. The more electrons a circuit can "push" and do work with, the higher the voltage in the circuit.

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