P(n, r) = n!
____
(n-r)!
= 8!
____
(8-1)!
= 8
I don’t understand your question can you go into more detail please
If the reindeer do not fight, there are 5!=120 ways to line them up in a straight line.
Out of these, Bloopin and Rudy are together in 4!=24 times. Similarly Rudy and Bloopin will be together 4!=24 times. So the number of ways they are not together is 120-24-24=72 ways.
Hello there! :)

It's rational
it's an integer
Hope it helps!
~Just an emotional teen listening to her favorite song "Try Everything"
