Rust can be avoided by using a procedure called cathodic protection. A metal like zinc or magnesium, which give up electrons to oxygen more quickly than iron does, is linked to the iron that has to be shielded. The iron won't corrode in this case, only the so-called sacrificial cathode.
By providing a highly active metal that may function as an anode and provide free electrons, the cathodic protection approach for steel maintains the metal. The active metal sacrifices its ions to introduce these free electrons, which prevents the corrosion of the less active steel. The simplest way to use CP is to join the metal that needs to be protected with another metal that will operate as the electrochemical cell's anode and is more susceptible to corrosion.
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