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gavmur [86]
1 year ago
7

Use electron configurations to account for the stability of the lanthanide ions Ce4⁺ and Eu2⁺.

Chemistry
1 answer:
Inga [223]1 year ago
4 0

Eu2+ is stable because of the two electrons in its outermost orbit and after losing 4 electrons. Ce +4 is stable

What are lanthanide ions?

All lanthanide elements form trivalent cations, Ln3+, whose chemistry is largely determined by the ionic radius, which decreases steadily from lanthanum to lutetium. These elements are called lanthanides because the elements in the series are chemically similar to lanthanum.

The Ce metal has the following electronic configuration: [Xe] 4f¹5d¹6s²

It obtains noble gas configuration after losing 4 electrons. Ce +4 is stable, so.

Eu's electronic setup is as follows.

[Xe] 4 f ⁷6s²

[Xe] 4 f ⁷

Eu2+ is stable because of the two electrons in its outermost orbit. Additionally stable is its +3 oxidation state. Ce⁺²

To learn more about lanthanides click on the link below:

brainly.com/question/12756990

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Balance C2 H602+02 reacts with CO2 + H2O
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Write Lewis structures for the following molecules: (a) ICl, (b) PH3, (c) P4 (each P is bonded to three other P atoms), (d) H2S,
spin [16.1K]

Answer :  The Lewis-dot structure for the following molecules are shown below.

Explanation :

Lewis-dot structure : It shows the bonding between the atoms of a molecule and it also shows the unpaired electrons present in the molecule.

In the Lewis-dot structure the valance electrons are shown by 'dot'.

Now we have to determine the Lewis-dot structure for the following molecules.

(a) The given molecule is, ICl

As we know that iodine and chlorine have '7' valence electrons.

Therefore, the total number of valence electrons in ICl = 7 + 7 = 14

According to Lewis-dot structure, there are 2 number of bonding electrons and 12 number of non-bonding electrons.

(b) The given molecule is, PH_3

As we know that phosphorous has '5' valence electrons and hydrogen has '1' valence electrons.

Therefore, the total number of valence electrons in PH_3 = 5 + 3(1) = 8

According to Lewis-dot structure, there are 6 number of bonding electrons and 2 number of non-bonding electrons.

(c) The given molecule is, P_4

As we know that phosphorous has '5' valence electrons.

Therefore, the total number of valence electrons in P_4 = 4(5) = 20

According to Lewis-dot structure, there are 6 number of bonding electrons and 14 number of non-bonding electrons.

(d) The given molecule is, H_2S

As we know that sulfur has '6' valence electrons and hydrogen has '1' valence electrons.

Therefore, the total number of valence electrons in H_2S = 6 + 2(1) = 8

According to Lewis-dot structure, there are 4 number of bonding electrons and 4 number of non-bonding electrons.

(e) The given molecule is, N_2H_4

As we know that nitrogen has '5' valence electrons and hydrogen has '1' valence electrons.

Therefore, the total number of valence electrons in N_2H_4 = 2(5) + 4(1) = 14

According to Lewis-dot structure, there are 10 number of bonding electrons and 4 number of non-bonding electrons.

(f) The given molecule is, HClO_3

As we know that chlorine has '7' valence electrons, oxygen has '6' valence electrons and hydrogen has '1' valence electrons.

Therefore, the total number of valence electrons in HClO_3 = 1 + 7 + 3(6) = 26

According to Lewis-dot structure, there are 12 number of bonding electrons and 14 number of non-bonding electrons.

(g) The given molecule is, COBr_2

As we know that bromine has '7' valence electrons, oxygen has '6' valence electrons and carbon has '4' valence electrons.

Therefore, the total number of valence electrons in COBr_2 = 4 + 6 + 2(7) = 24

According to Lewis-dot structure, there are 8 number of bonding electrons and 16 number of non-bonding electrons.

3 0
3 years ago
What would be the minimum energy Emin required to excite a hydrogen atom from its lowest energy level
Wewaii [24]

The minimum energy required to excite a hydrogen atom from its lowest energy level is 10.2 eV.

<h3>What is excitation?</h3>

The term excitation has to do with the promotion of an electron from a lower to a higher energy level.

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3 0
2 years ago
Explain why you usually can't use just a single spectrum line to confirm the identity of an element
Agata [3.3K]
You can't usually just use a  single spectrum line to confirm the identity of an element because there are cases that the emission line id not clearly defined.  When the emission line is very weak compared to surrounding noise, in which case the more datapoints you have to build up confidence for the existence of a particular emission spectra, the better.
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The density of gold is 19.32 g/mL. What is the volume, in mL, of a nugget of gold with a mass of 55.07 g?
Vika [28.1K]

Answer: 2.850

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19.32=\frac{55.07}{v}\\19.32v=55.07\\v=\frac{55.07}{19.32}=\boxed{2.850 \text{ mL}}

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