Answer: 4.21×10⁻⁸
Explanation:
1) Assume a general equation for the ionization of the weak acid:
Let HA be the weak acid, then the ionization equation is:
HA ⇄ H⁺ + A⁻
2) Then, the expression for the ionization constant is:
Ka = [H⁺][A⁻] / [HA]
There, [H⁺] = [A⁻], and [HA] = 0.150 M (data given)
3) So, you need to determine [H⁺] which you do from the pH.
By definition, pH = - log [H⁺]
And from the data given pH = 4.1
⇒ 4.10 = - log [H⁺] ⇒ [H⁺] = antilog (- 4.10) = 7.94×10⁻⁵
4) Now you have all the values to calculate the expression for Ka:
ka = 7.94×10⁻⁵ × 7.94×10⁻⁵ / 0.150 = 4.21×10⁻⁸
Balancing redox reactions:
Oxygen should be balanced by adding 
as needed, while hydrogen should be balanced by adding 
.
What is a redox reaction?
Redox reactions, also known as oxidation-reduction reactions, involve the simultaneous oxidation and reduction of two different reactants.
The Half-Equation Method is one technique used to balance redox processes. The equation is divided into two half-equations using this technique: one for oxidation and one for reduction.
By changing the coefficients and adding , , and 
in that order, each reaction is brought into equilibrium:
- By putting the right number of water () molecules on the other side of the equation, the oxygen atoms are brought into balance.
- By adding ions to the opposing side of the equation, one can balance the hydrogen atoms (including those added in step 2 to balance the oxygen atom).
- Total the fees for each side. Add enough electrons () to the more positive side to make them equal. (As a general rule, and are nearly always on the same side.)
- The on either side must be made equal; if not, they must be multiplied by the lowest common multiple (LCM) in order to make them equal.
- One balanced equation is created by adding the two half-equations and canceling out the electrons. Additionally, common terms should be eliminated.
- Now that the equation has been verified, it can be balanced.
Learn more about redox reaction here,
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Roughness of the surface and weight of the object.
Answer:
Explanation:
Salt water intrusion can cause the <u><em>fresh</em></u> water in wells to become contaminated with<u><em> salt</em></u>water.
Yes molecules are tightly together. Hope this helps
