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1 year ago

What was John Dalton's contribution to the development of the atomic theory?

1 answer:

6 0

John Dalton made some hypothesis about the structure of atom. He proposed that matter is composed of great number of indivisible particles called atoms they can neither be destroyed nor be created.

<h3>What is atomic theory?</h3>

There are different theories regarding the structure and electronic properties of an atom. Many scientists contributed to the modern theory of atomic structure in which John Dalton was first to mention the word atom.

According to Dalton' theory, matter is composed of indivisible particles called atoms. Atoms can neither be created nor be destroyed. All the atoms of the same element are identical in all aspects.

Atoms of different elements are different and the compounds are formed by the combination of atoms. Dalton's theory provided a sound basis for the laws of chemical combination and also several properties of gases and liquids known at that time.

However, he could not explain the reason for chemical combination of atoms and did not give any idea about the existence of isotopes and isobars.

Hence, the main aspects of Dalton's theory was the indivisibility of atoms and the chances of chemical combination.

To learn more about Dalton's theory, find the link below:

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Atmospheric pressure at sea level is equal to a column of 760 mm Hg. Oxygen makes up 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume. The

Neporo4naja [7]

<u>Answer:</u> The partial pressure of oxygen is 160 mmHg

<u>Explanation:</u>

We are given:

Percent of oxygen in air = 21 %

Mole fraction of oxygen in air = $\frac{21}{100}=0.21$

To calculate the partial pressure of oxygen, we use the equation given by Raoult's law, which is:

$p_{O_2}=p_T\times \chi_{O_2}$

where,

$p_{O_2}$ = partial pressure of oxygen = ?

$p_T$ = total pressure of air = 760 mmHg

$\chi_{O_2}$ = mole fraction of oxygen = 0.21

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$p_{O_2}=760mmHg\times 0.21\\\\p_{O_2}=160mmHg$

Hence, the partial pressure of oxygen is 160 mmHg

8 0

3 years ago

Why is Iron found as an Ore in the Earth

Stella [2.4K]

$\huge \orange {\mathbb {Answer}}$

Ore is a deposit in Earth's crust of one or more valuable minerals. The most valuable ore deposits contain metals crucial to industry and trade, like copper, gold, and iron. Copper ore is mined for a variety of industrial uses. Copper, an excellent conductor of electricity, is used as electrical wire.

7 0

3 years ago

What is the molarity of 4.0 moles NaCI dissolved in 2.0 L of solution

Hunter-Best [27]

Answer:

What is the molarity of a solution containing 5.00 moles of kcl in 2.00L of solution? Molarity= moles of solute/volume of solution in litre , so the problem looks like this : 7/. 569 , which is equivalent to 12.302 M .

3 0

3 years ago

What mass of water is produced by the combustion 1.2 x 10^26 molecules of butane ?

podryga [215]

Answer:

17.934 kg of water

Explanation:

If balanced equation is not given; this format can come in handy.

For any alkane of the type : CₙH₂ₙ₊₂ , it's combustion reaction will follow:

2CₙH₂ₙ₊₂ + (3n+1) O₂ → (2n)CO₂ + 2(n+1) H₂O

For butane:

2C₄H₁₀(g) + 13O₂(g) → 8CO₂(g) + 10H₂O(l)

2 moles of butane gives 10 moles of water.

1 mol of any substance has Avogadro number(N) of molecules in it( 6.022 x 10²³)

Mass of 1 mole of any substance is equal to it's molar mass

So, if 2 x N molecules of butane gives 10 x 18 g of water.

Then 1.2 x 10²⁶ molecules will give:

$\frac{1.2 \times 10^{26} \times 180}{2 \times 6.022 \times 10^{23}}$

= 17.934 x 10³ g of water

= 17.934 kg of water

5 0

4 years ago

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shepuryov [24]

Answer:

Explanation:

All three lighter boron trihalides, BX3 (X = F, Cl, Br), form stable adducts with common Lewis bases. Their relative Lewis acidities can be evaluated in terms of the relative exothermicities of the adduct-forming reaction. Such measurements have revealed the following sequence for the Lewis acidity: BF3 < BCl3 < BBr3 (in other words, BBr3 is the strongest Lewis acid).

This trend is commonly attributed to the degree of π-bonding in the planar boron trihalide that would be lost upon pyramidalization (the conversion of the trigonal planar geometry to a tetrahedral one) of the BX3 molecule, which follows this trend: BF3 > BCl3 > BBr3 (that is, BBr3 is the most easily pyramidalized). The criteria for evaluating the relative strength of π-bonding are not clear, however. One suggestion is that the F atom is small compared to the larger Cl and Br atoms, and the lone pair electron in the 2pzorbital of F is readily and easily donated, and overlaps with the empty 2pz orbital of boron. As a result, the [latex]\pi[/latex] donation of F is greater than that of Cl or Br. In an alternative explanation, the low Lewis acidity for BF3 is attributed to the relative weakness of the bond in the adducts F3B-L.

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3 years ago

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