The direction of the net electric force that acts on an electric charge at every point of an equipotential surface created by other charges must be perpendicular to the surface.
A surface with an equipotential potential is one where all points on the surface have the same electric potential. This means that at every point on the equipotential surface, a charge will have the same potential energy.
The repulsive or attractive interaction between any two charged bodies is called as an electric force. Similar to any force, its impact and effects on the given body are described by Newton's laws of motion. The electric force is among the list of other forces that exert over objects.
On an equipotential surface , the potential difference between any two points is zero. So , the work done by the electric field on a test charge moving on the surface will be zero. Therefore , the electric field must be perpendicular to the surface at every point . Hence electric force must have the same direction , that is perpendicular to the surface.
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