Answer:
First ionization of lithium:
.
Second ionization of lithium:
.
Explanation:
The ionization energy of an element is the energy required to remove the outermost electron from an atom or ion of the element in gaseous state. (Refer to your textbook for a more precise definition.) Some features of the equation:
- Start with a gaseous atom (for the first ionization energy only) or a gaseous ion. Write the gaseous state symbol
next to any atom or ion in the equation. - The product shall contain one gaseous ion and one electron. The charge on the ion shall be the same as the order of the ionization energy. For the second ionization energy, the ion shall carry a charge of +2.
- Charge shall balance on the two sides of the equation.
First Ionization Energy of Li:
- The products shall contain a gaseous ion with charge +1
as well as an electron
. - Charge shall balance on the two sides. There's no net charge on the product side. Neither shall there be a charge on the reactant side. The only reactant shall be a lithium atom which is both gaseous and neutral:
.
- Hence the equation:
.
Second Ionization Energy of Li:
- The product shall contain a gaseous ion with charge +2:
as well as an electron
. - Charge shall balance on the two sides. What's the net charge on the product side? That shall also be the charge on the reactant side. What will be the reactant?
- The equation for this process is
.
Answer:
lower
Explanation:
The higher the sea level, the lower the atmospheric pressure. This is due to the density of air decreasing as the altitude increases.
You can simply subtract the atomic number from the mass number in order to find the number of neutrons.
Answer: water
water can not be organic...but is is took by humans and plants because theur life dpends on it
Explanation:
Answer : The volume of oxygen at STP is 112.0665 L
Solution : Given,
The number of moles of
= 5 moles
At STP, the temperature is 273 K and pressure is 1 atm.
Using ideal gas law equation :

where,
P = pressure of gas
V = volume of gas
n = the number of moles
T = temperature of gas
R = gas constant = 0.0821 L atm/mole K (Given)
By rearranging the above ideal gas law equation, we get

Now put all the given values in this expression, we get the value of volume.

Therefore, the volume of oxygen at STP is 112.0665 L