The question is poor. Light doesn't refract on its way THROUGH anything. It refracts at the boundary BETWEEN two different media. The effect is greatest where the ratio of the speeds of light in the two media is greatest. On your list, that would be at the boundary between air or space and glass.
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
We have to show surface area 
,with few conditions that is by considering Force 
 and Pressure 
 to be respectively.
Explanation:
The atmospheric pressure is 
 on Earth's surface.
 The magnitude of the force exerted on a person by the atmosphere is 
.
Now to calculate surface area we can find it from 
 and re-arranging it to.

So plugging the values, 
Surface area 
Hence from the above calculations we can say that surface area is 
.
So the surface area of an average person can be said to have 
, using the concept of pressure and force.
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
<em>The distance is now 4d</em>
Explanation:
<u>Mechanical Force</u>
According to the second Newton's law, the net force exerted by an external agent on an object of mass m is:
F = m.a
Where a is the acceleration of the object.
The acceleration can be calculated by solving for a:

Once we know the acceleration, we can calculate the distance traveled by the block as follows:

If the block starts from rest, vo=0:

Substituting the value of the acceleration:

Simplifying:

When a force F'=4F is applied and assuming the mass is the same, the new acceleration is:

And the distance is now:

Dividing d'/d:

Simplifying:

Thus:
d' = 4d
The distance is now 4d
 
        
             
        
        
        
A joule is a unit of energy.
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
5070
Explanation:
add them up and then you get <em>your</em><em> </em><em>answers</em><em> </em>