Let's think, if you have a candle ( that is not blown out ) the physical properties are the candles mass and hence ( hence of the candle is the stiffness of the candle), weight, length, density, surface friction ( force resisting the relative motion of solid surface), and the energy content. You then, need to go to bed, so, therefore, you want to blow the candle out. Once you blow the candle out, the candle is evidently going to have at least a couple of different physical properties, than before it was blown out. The physical properties are a different color, the length of the candle, the texture, you could also apply the mass of the candleholder, and then, the mass of the candleholder and the candle, last but not least, the mass of just the candle. Once you observe the candle, you should be able to plug in those observations into the physical properties. As to, because you asked' what are the physical properties of a candle that has been blown out... We are going to assume that we did observe the candle, and the length of the candle in cm, after being blown out is 30cm. (12 inches; customary). Next, that the color of the candle is the same (let us say the original color is taffy pink). We can then say that the texture of the candle is waxy and the top and smooth as you get to the bottom ( the texture depends on how long the candle was burning, but we are saying that we lit the candle, and then immediately blew the flame out ) . We now have the mass of the candleholder, which will scientificity stay the same. Now, for the mass of the candleholder and the candle, that all depends of how long you let it burn ( remember, we are saying we lit the wick and then immediately blew the fame out ). So, the candle really didn't change is mass, so, therefore, wouldn't affect the mass of the candleholder including the candle. That also goes to the mass of the candle.
Over ninety percent of all the atoms in the Universe are hydrogen atoms.
Explanation:
Over ninety percent of all the atoms in the Universe are hydrogen atoms. By mass, hydrogen makes up about 75% of all matter in the Universe. Hydrogen atoms are also the smallest and lightest of all the atoms with only one electron and one proton in a common single hydrogen atom (called protium).
This question is asking for the bond angle of the bond in . The VSEPR (valence shell electron pair repulsion) theory could help. Start by considering: how many electron domains are there on the carbon atom between these two bond?
Note that "electron domains" refer to covalent bonds and lone pairs collectively.
Each nonbonding pair (lone pair) of valence electrons counts as one electron domain.
Each covalent bond (single bond, double bond, or triple bond) counts as exactly one electron domain.
For example, in , the carbon atom at the center of that bond has two electron domains:
This carbon atom has two double bonds: one bond and one bond. Even though these are both double bonds, in VSEPR theory, each of them count only as one electron domain.
Keep in mind that there are only four valence electrons in each carbon atom. It can be shown that all four valence electrons of this carbon atom are involved in bonding (two in each of the two double bonds.) Hence, there would be no nonbonding pair around this atom.
In VSEPR theory, electron domains around an atom repel each other. As a result, they would spread out (in three dimensions) as far away from each other as possible. When there are only two electron domains around an atom, the two electron domains would form a straight line- with one domain on each side of the central atom. (To visualize, consider the three atoms in this bond as three spheres on a stick. The central atom would be between the other atom and the atom.)
This linear geometry corresponds to a bond angle of .