<span>Jet streams are the major means of transport for weather systems. A jet stream is an area of strong winds ranging from 120-250 mph that can be thousands of miles long, a couple of hundred miles across and a few miles deep. Jet streams usually sit at the boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere at a level called the tropopause. This means most jet streams are about 6-9 miles off the ground. Figure A is a cross section of a jet stream.
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The dynamics of jet streams are actually quite complicated, so this is a very simplified version of what creates jets. The basic idea that drives jet formation is this: a strong horizontal temperature contrast, like the one between the North Pole and the equator, causes a dramatic increase in horizontal wind speed with height. Therefore, a jet stream forms directly over the center of the strongest area of horizontal temperature difference, or the front. As a general rule, a strong front has a jet stream directly above it that is parallel to it. Figure B shows that jet streams are positioned just below the tropopause (the red lines) and above the fronts, in this case, the boundaries between two circulation cells carrying air of different temperatures.
Williamson synthesis is the most common way for obtaining ethers, called after its developer Alexander Williamson. It is an organic reaction of forming ethers from an organohalide and an alkoxide. The reaction is carried out according to the SN2 mechanism.
On the attached picture it is shown required alkoxide ion, <span>alkyl(aryl)bromide and the ether that forms from the reactants. </span>
The below is about the energy exchanges in earth systems.
<u>Explanation</u>:
- Energy exchanges in earth systems are of many types. The earth systems are atmosphere, geosphere, stratosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. All these earth systems exchange energy with each other.
- The earth gains energy reflected from the sky. It converts that energy back to space. That energy is equally given to all the planets in the sky.
- Each planet will absorb that energy and radiate heat. This heat is absorbed by all the places on the earth. So this is the energy exchange in the earth systems.
Explanation:
Z = atomic mass of the element and , A = atomic mass of the element .
a) Z = 11, A = 23
Element = Sodium
symbol: ²³₁₁Na .
b) Z = 28, A = 64
Element = Nickel
symbol: ⁶⁴₂₈Ni .
c) Z = 50, A = 115
Element = tin
symbol: ¹¹⁵₅₀Sn .
d) Z = 20, A = 42
Element = Calcium
symbol: ⁴²₂₀Ca .
Answer:no
Explanation:the heat will add more pressureand then it will pop.
