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sweet-ann [11.9K]
2 years ago
10

When ammonium chloride is added to water and stirred, it dissolves spontaneously and the resulting solution feels cold. Without

doing any calculations, deduce the signs of ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS for this process, and justify your choices
Chemistry
1 answer:
d1i1m1o1n [39]2 years ago
7 0
When ammonium chloride NH4Cl is added to water and stirred, it dissolves spontaneously (this is the basis for ΔG) for and the resulting solution feels cold (endothermic, the basis for ΔH). Without doing any calculations, we can easily deduce the signs of ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS for this process based on the observations.

ΔG < 0 (it is spontaneous)
ΔH < 0 (because the process is endothermic - it absorbs energy)
ΔS > 0 (entropy increases because of the dissolution of NH4Cl in water
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Alexxandr [17]
This is a decomposition reaction, where ammonium nitrate is heated and decomposed to gaseous water and dinitrogen oxide.
Formulas for reactants and products with states are as follows;
ammonium nitrate - NH₄NO₃ (s)
water - H₂O (g)
dinitrogen oxide - N₂O (g)
balanced reactions when the masses of both sides of the equation must be balanced 

Balanced chemical equation 
NH₄NO₃(s) ---> 2H₂O(g) + N₂O(g)
3 0
3 years ago
A substance is found to consist of 1.900g of silver, 0.250g of nitrogen, and 0.850g of oxygen. what is the percent by mass of ox
Galina-37 [17]
The  percentage  by mass  of  oxygen  in  the  compound

find  the total  mass=(  1.900+  0250 +0.850) =  3
the  percentage  mass  mass of  oxgyen/total  mass  x100

that  is  (0.850/3)  x100=28.33%
7 0
3 years ago
Analysis of the water content of a lake found in the desert showed that it contained 17.5 percent chloride ion, and has a densit
tankabanditka [31]

Answer:

The molarity is 6.0 M.

Explanation:

<em>The </em><em>concentration</em><em> of a solution is the amount of solute present in a given amount  of solvent, or a given amount of solution.</em>

In this problem, we are asked to convert percent by mass to molarity, which are two different concentration units.

<em>The </em><em>percent by mass </em><em>is the ratio of the mass of a solute to the mass of the solution, multiplied by 100 percent.</em> On the other hand, <em>molarity (M)</em><em> is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.</em>

If we have 17.15 percent chloride ion, that means that we have 17.15 grams of chloride ion in 100 grams of solution. The density provided is the density of the solution, so we calculate how many mL correspond to 100 grams of solution:

1.23 g ----------- 1 mL

100 g ------------ <u>x= 81.3 mL</u>

Therefore, 17.5 grams of chloride ion are contained in 81.3 mL. Now we need to convert these grams into moles.

The atomic mass of chlorine is 35.5 g/mol:

35.5 g --------------- 1 mol

17.5 g --------------- <u>x= 0. 49 mol</u>

This 0.49 moles are contained in 81.13 mL, the definition of molarity says that this moles are contained in a liter (or what is the same, 1000 mL):

81.3 mL --------------- 0.49 mol

1000 mL ------------- x= 6.0 M

The molarity of the chloride ion will be 6.0 M.

5 0
3 years ago
A can contains a gas with a volume of 86 mL at 30oC. What is the volume in the can if it is heated to 65oC?
Ber [7]

Answer:

New volume of gas = 95.93 ml (Approx)

Explanation:

Given:

Old volume of gas = 86 ml

Old temperature = 30°C = 30 + 273 = 303 K

New temperature = 65°C = 65 + 273 = 338 K

Find:

New volume of gas

Computation:

V1T2 = V2T1

(86)(338) = (V2)(303)

New volume of gas = 95.93 ml (Approx)

8 0
2 years ago
Calculate the empirical formula the compound with the following percent composition: 27.59%C 1.15%H 16.09%N 55.17%O
jeyben [28]

Answer: C2HNO3

Explanation: C = 27.59/12.011 = 2.297

H = 1.15/1.008 = 1.1409

N = 16.09/14.007 = 1.1487

O = 55.17/15.999 = 3.4483

Divide by smallest result:

C = 2

H=1

N=1

O = 3

Empirical formula = C2HNO3

8 0
3 years ago
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