Explain why groups 14 and 15 are better representatives of mixed groups than groups 13 and 16
1 answer:
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Answer:
(a). The Gibbs free energy change is 2.895 kJ and its positive.
(b). The Gibbs free energy change is 34.59 J/mole
(c). The pressure is 14924 atm.
(d). The Gibbs free energy of diamond relative to graphite is 4912 J.
Explanation:
Given that,
Temperature = 298 K
Suppose, density of graphite is 2.25 g/cm³ and density of diamond is 3.51 g/cm³.
(a) We need to calculate the value of for diamond
Using formula of Gibbs free energy change
Put the value into the formula
The Gibbs free energy change is positive.
(b). When it is compressed isothermally from 1 atm to 1000 atm
We need to calculate the change of Gibbs free energy of diamond
Using formula of gibbs free energy
Put the value into the formula
(c). Assuming that graphite and diamond are incompressible
We need to calculate the pressure
Using formula of Gibbs free energy
Put the value into the formula
(d). Here,
So, The value of and
at 900 k will be equal at 298 K
We need to calculate the Gibbs free energy of diamond relative to graphite
Using formula of Gibbs free energy
Put the value into the formula
Hence, (a). The Gibbs free energy change is 2.895 kJ and its positive.
(b). The Gibbs free energy change is 34.59 J/mole
(c). The pressure is 14924 atm.
(d). The Gibbs free energy of diamond relative to graphite is 4912 J.
Hello!
A) When the temperature inside the container increases, the pressure inside the container increases as well.
An example for that is when you have an aerosol can and start heating it. The pressure of the gas inside the aerosol can will start to increase, and that would lead to the exploding of the can if heating is kept for too long. Bombs work on this principle too: The heat from the violent chemical reaction inside the closed compartment increase the pressure of the gases until the fragments are ejected at high velocities.
B) The effect of temperature on the pressure of a gas illustrates Gay-Lussac's Law.
This law was formulated by the famous French chemist that gives it its name. It relates the expansion of a gas with the increase in temperature when the volume is left constant. The Gay-Lussac's Law can be expressed as follows, for the case of this exercise:
You can see that the factor that is multiplying P1 is higher than 1 for the case of heating from 25 °C to 80 °C, so the pressure will increase.
C) At a molecular level, when the temperature is raised the kinetic energy of the molecules inside the container will increase. This increase in the kinetic energy will cause the molecules to move faster, and to hit the walls of the container more often. This causes an increase in the pressure inside the container because there more hits means more force on the walls of the container, and that is the definition of pressure.
Have a nice day!
A) When the temperature inside the container increases, the pressure inside the container increases as well.
An example for that is when you have an aerosol can and start heating it. The pressure of the gas inside the aerosol can will start to increase, and that would lead to the exploding of the can if heating is kept for too long. Bombs work on this principle too: The heat from the violent chemical reaction inside the closed compartment increase the pressure of the gases until the fragments are ejected at high velocities.
B) The effect of temperature on the pressure of a gas illustrates Gay-Lussac's Law.
This law was formulated by the famous French chemist that gives it its name. It relates the expansion of a gas with the increase in temperature when the volume is left constant. The Gay-Lussac's Law can be expressed as follows, for the case of this exercise:
You can see that the factor that is multiplying P1 is higher than 1 for the case of heating from 25 °C to 80 °C, so the pressure will increase.
C) At a molecular level, when the temperature is raised the kinetic energy of the molecules inside the container will increase. This increase in the kinetic energy will cause the molecules to move faster, and to hit the walls of the container more often. This causes an increase in the pressure inside the container because there more hits means more force on the walls of the container, and that is the definition of pressure.
Have a nice day!