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Y_Kistochka [10]
3 years ago
8

A car is initially moving at 35 km/h along a straight highway. To pass another car, it speeds up to 135 km/h in 10.5 seconds at

a constant acceleration.
(a) how large was the acceleration in m/s ^2
(b)how large was the acceleration, in units go g= 9.80 m/s ^2
Physics
1 answer:
Aleks04 [339]3 years ago
6 0
Acceleration = (velocity final-velocity initial)/ time
where
velocity final = 135 km/hr x 1 hr /3600 s x 1000m/1km
                     = 37.5 m/s
velocity initial = 35 km/hr x  1hr /3600 s x 1000 m/1 km
                      =  9.72 m/s
a) acceleration = 2.646 m/s^2
b) acceleration in g units  = (2.646m/s^2)/(9.8m/s^2)
                                              = 0.27 units

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On a frictionless horizontal air table, puck A (with mass 0.254 kg ) is moving toward puck B (with mass 0.367 kg ), which is ini
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v_a=0.8176 m/s

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Explanation:

According to the law of conservation of linear momentum, the total momentum of both pucks won't be changed regardless of their interaction if no external forces are acting on the system.

Being m_a and m_b the masses of pucks a and b respectively, the initial momentum of the system is

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M_1=m_av_a

After the collision and being v'_a and v'_b the respective velocities, the total momentum is

M_2=m_av'_a+m_bv'_b

Both momentums are equal, thus

m_av_a=m_av'_a+m_bv'_b

Solving for v_a

v_a=\frac{m_av'_a+m_bv'_b}{m_a}

v_a=\frac{0.254Kg\times (-0.123 m/s)+0.367Kg (0.651m/s)}{0.254Kg}

v_a=0.8176 m/s

The initial kinetic energy can be found as (provided puck b is at rest)

K_1=\frac{1}{2}m_av_a^2

K_1=\frac{1}{2}(0.254Kg) (0.8176m/s)^2=0.0849 J

The final kinetic energy is

K_2=\frac{1}{2}m_av_a'^2+\frac{1}{2}m_bv_b'^2

K_2=\frac{1}{2}0.254Kg (-0.123m/s)^2+\frac{1}{2}0.367Kg (0.651m/s)^2=0.07969 J

The change of kinetic energy is

\Delta K=0.07969 J - 0.0849 J = -0.00521 J

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