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ludmilkaskok [199]
3 years ago
13

In which two types of reactions do opposite chemical changes occur

Chemistry
1 answer:
RideAnS [48]3 years ago
4 0

Hello!

Before I can answer your question we need to know the different types of chemical reactions that can occur:

  • Single Replacement
  • Double Replacement
  • Synthesis
  • Decomposition
  • Combustion

Combustion is an answer that can usually be ruled out unless oxidation is occuring in the chemical equation (hyrdrogen occuring with oxygen to react)

Synthesis reaction, also known as a Combination reaction, is when the reactants combine to form a single product.

Decompostion is when a single reactant is deconstructed to form multiple products, or the opposite of Synthesis.


With these definitions alone, since they are opposite types of reactions, the answer would be Synthesis and Decomposition reactions !

Hope this helps and if you need anymore clarification feel free to ask.


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One mole of a monatomic ideal gas is subjected to the following sequence of steps: a. Starting at 300 K and 10 atm, the gas expa
Verdich [7]

Answer:

a) Q = 0; W = 0; ΔU = 0; ΔH = 0; ΔS = 0.09 atm.L/K

b) Q = 1250 J; W = 0; ΔU = 1250 J; ΔH = 1250 J; ΔS = -0.0235 atm.L/K

c) Q = 3653.545 J; W = - 3653.545 J; ΔU = 0; ΔH = 0; ΔS = - 3653.545 J

d) Q = - 2080 J; W = 830 J; ΔU = - 1250 J; ΔH = - 2080 J; ΔS = - 5.984 J/K

Explanation:

a) If there is a vacuum, the work is zero, as it is a free expansion, the volume increases, the pressure decreases, the temperature is constant and the internal energy is constant.

∴ n = 1 mole

∴ PV = RTn....ideal gas

∴ P1 = 10 atm

∴ R = 0.082 atm.L/K.mol

∴ T = 300 K = T2

∴ V2 = 3*V1

⇒ W = 0.....expands freely into vacuum

⇒ ΔU = Q = 0....first law

⇒ ΔS = -  nR Ln(P2/P1).....ideal gas

∴ V1*P1/T1 = V2*P2/T2

∴ T1 = T2 = 300 K

⇒ P2 = V1*P1 / V2 = V1*P1 / 3V1 = 10 atm/3 = 3.33 atm

⇒ ΔS = - (1mol)*(0.082 atm.L/K.mol) Ln ( 3.33/10)

⇒ ΔS = 0.09 atm.L/K

∴ ΔH = ΔU + (P2V2 - P1V1) = 0 + 0 = 0

b) heated reversibly at constant volume:

⇒ W = 0 ...at constant volume

∴ T2 = 400 K; T1 = 300 K

∴ V1 = V2

⇒ Q = ΔU = CvΔT....first law

∴ Cv = 12.5 J/K.mol.....monoatomic ideal gas

∴ ΔT = 400 - 300 = 100 K

⇒ Q = ΔU = 12.5 J/mol.K * 100K = 1250 J/mol * 1 mol = 1250 J

∴ ΔH = ΔU + PΔV = ΔU + 0 = 1250 J

∴ ΔS = - nR Ln (P2/P1)

∴ P2/T2 = P1/T1...constant volume

∴ P1 = 3.33 atm

⇒ P2 = P1*T2 / T1 = (3.33 atm)*(400K) / (300K) = 4.44 atm

⇒ ΔS = - (1mol)*(0.082atm.L/K.mol) Ln (4.44/3.33)

⇒ ΔS = - 0.0235 atm.L/K

c) reversibly expanded at constant temperature:

∴ T1 = T2 = 400K

∴ V2 = 3*V1

∴ ΔU = 0...constant temperature

⇒ Q = - W....fisrt law

∴ W = - ∫ PdV..... reversibly expansion

∴ P = nRT/V... ideal gas

⇒ W = - nRT ∫ dV/V

⇒ W = - nRT Ln (V2/V1)

⇒ W = - (1mol)*(8.314 J/K.mol) Ln (3)

⇒ W = - 9.134 J/K *400K = - 3653.545 J

⇒ Q = - W = 3653.545 J

⇒ ΔH = ΔU + P1V1 - P2V2 = 0 + nRT1 - nRT2 = 0 + 0 = 0

∴ ΔS = - nR Ln(P2/P1)

∴ P1 = 4.44 atm

⇒ P2 = V1*P1*T2/ V2*T1 = V1*(4.44atm)*(400K) / (3.V1)*(400K)

⇒ P2 = 4.44atm/3 = 1.48 atm

⇒ ΔS = - (1mol)*(8.314 J/mol.K) Ln (1.48/4.44)

⇒ ΔS = -9.134J/K * 400K = - 3653.545 J

d) reversibly cooled at constant pressure:

∴ T2 = 300 K;  T1 = 400 K

∴ P2 = P1

⇒ Q = ΔH = CpΔT

∴ Cp = 20.8 J/K.mol

∴ ΔT = 300 - 400 = - 100 K

⇒ Q = ΔH = 20.8 J/mol.K * ( -100K) = - 2080 J/mol * 1mol = - 2080 J

⇒ ΔU = nCvΔT = (1mol)*(12.5 J/mol.K)*( - 100K) = -1250 J

⇒ W = ΔU - Q = ΔU - ΔH = -1250 J - ( - 2080 J ) = 830 J

∴ ΔS = ∫ δQ/T = ∫ nCpdT/T

⇒ ΔS = nCp Ln (T2/T1)

⇒ ΔS = (1mol)*(20.8 J/mol.K) Ln (300/400) = - 5.984 J/K

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How many grams are there in 7.5x10^23 molecules of H2SO4
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