Answer:
React it with CH₃MgBr and work up the product with saturated ammonium chloride solution
Explanation:
Grignard reagents convert esters into tertiary alcohols.
The general equation is
![\text{RCOOR}' \xrightarrow[\text{2. H}^{+}]{\text{1. R$^{\prime \prime}$MgBr}}\text{RR$_{2}^{\prime \prime}$C-OH}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Ctext%7BRCOOR%7D%27%20%5Cxrightarrow%5B%5Ctext%7B2.%20H%7D%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D%7B%5Ctext%7B1.%20R%24%5E%7B%5Cprime%20%5Cprime%7D%24MgBr%7D%7D%5Ctext%7BRR%24_%7B2%7D%5E%7B%5Cprime%20%5Cprime%7D%24C-OH%7D)
The Grignard reagent in this synthesis is methylmagnesium bromide. You prepare it by reacting a solution methyl bromide in anhydrous ether with magnesium and a few crystals of iodine.
The reaction consumes 3 mol of CH₃MgBr per mole of dimethyl carbonate, and everything happens in the same pot.
Acid workup of the product usually involves the addition of a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium chloride and extraction with a low-boiling organic solvent.
The mechanism involves:
Step 1. Nucleophilic attack and loss of leaving group
(a) The Grignard reagent attacks the carbonyl of dimethyl carbonate, followed by (b) the loss of a methoxide leaving group.
Step 2. Nucleophilic attack and loss of leaving group
(a) A second mole of the Grignard reagent attacks the carbonyl of methyl acetate, followed by (b) the loss of a methoxide leaving group.
Step 3. Nucleophilic attack and protonation of the adduct.
(a) A third mole of the Grignard reagent attacks the carbonyl of acetone, followed by (b) protonation of the alkoxide to form 2-methylpropan-2-ol.
Answer: 2.8 moles
Explanation:
The balanced equation below shows that 1 mole of sodium oxide reacts with 1 mole of water to form 2 moles of sodium hydroxide respectively.
Na2O + H2O --> 2NaOH
1 mole of H2O = 2 moles of NaOH
Let Z moles of H2O = 5.6 mole of NaOH
To get the value of Z, cross multiply
5.6 moles x 1 mole= Z x 2 moles
5.6 = 2Z
Divide both sides by 2
5.6/2 = 2Z/2
2.8 = Z
Thus, 2.8moles of H2O are needed to produce 5.6 mol of NaOH
Answer is: 7,826 kg of cryolite.
Chemical reaction: Al₂O₃ + 6NaOH + 12HF → 2Na₃AlF₆ + 9H₂<span>O.
m(</span>Al₂O₃) = 12,1 kg = 12100 g.
n(Al₂O₃) = m(Al₂O₃) ÷ M(Al₂O₃).
n(Al₂O₃) = 12100 g ÷ 101,96 g/mol = 111,86 mol; limiting reactant.
m(NaOH) = 60,4 kg = 60400 g.
n(NaOH) = 60400 g ÷ 40 g/mol.
n(NaOH) = 1510 mol.
m(HF) = 60,4 kg = 60400 g.
n(HF) = 60400 g ÷ 20 g/mol = 3020 mol.
From chemical reaction: n(Al₂O₃) : n(Na₃AlF₆) = 6 : 2.
n(Na₃AlF₆) = 2 ·111,86 mol ÷ 6 = 37,28 mol.
m(Na₃AlF₆) = 37,28 mol · 209,94 g/mol.
m(Na₃AlF₆) = 7826,56 g = 7,826 kg.
Answer:
Component P, because being supported by ample evidence is a characteristic of a theory.
Explanation:
Hypothesis do not explain phenomenon they are just educated guesses that can be put into work to see if they are true of false.
Scientific theory on other hand, is widely accepted and supported by large amount of evidence and useful for explaining scientific phenomenon.
Answer:
15.04 mL
Explanation:
Using Ideal gas equation for same mole of gas as
Given ,
V₁ = 21 L
V₂ = ?
P₁ = 9 atm
P₂ = 15 atm
T₁ = 253 K
T₂ = 302 K
Using above equation as:
Solving for V₂ , we get:
<u>V₂ = 15.04 mL</u>
