Malonate is an aggressive inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase. If malonate is added to a mitochondrial education this is oxidizing pyruvate as a substrate, it is lower in attention<u> </u><u>Fumarate</u><u>.</u>
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Succinate dehydrogenase is also known as mitochondrial complicated II, and inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase by means of dimethyl malonate has been said to suppress the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Fumaric acid is an organic compound with the system HO₂CCH=CHCO₂H. It has a fruit-like taste and has been used as a meal additive. . The salts and esters are referred to as fumarates. Fumarate also can consult with the C ₄H ₂O²⁻ ₄ ion.
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Explanation:
1.
Weathering is the physical disintegration and chemical decomposition of rocks to form sediments and soils whereas erosion is the movement of weathered materials from one area to the other.
Erosion moves weathered materials and it causes them to change position. For example loose chips of rocks broken down as the rock weakens through alternate wetting and drying in tropical regions will remain in-situ until the agents of erosion comes to carry them away. The breaking is weathering and the carrying is erosion.
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2.
Examples of mechanical weathering:
- Frost action
- Pressure release
Examples of chemical weathering:
There are two types of weathering:
- In mechanical weathering, a rock disintegrates into smaller chunks by the action of wind, water and glacier. For example in temperate and polar regions, water within rocks freezes. When water freezes it expands and causes tension within the rock. When temperature drops, water melts and the tension is relieved. This process causes a rock to crack. The crack will eventually become wider with time.
- In chemical weathering, a rock decomposes by the action of chemicals formed in the rock. In karst regions where limestone forms, combination of rain water and carbon dioxide forms weak carbonic acid that reacts with calcite in limestone.
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Erosion brainly.com/question/2473244
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2 valence electrons
Explanation:
Most transition metals have 2 valence electrons. Valence electrons are the sum total of all the electrons in the highest energy level (principal quantum number n). Most transition metals have an electron configuration that is ns2(n−1)d , so those ns2 electrons are the valence electrons.
