Answer: Freezing point of a solution will be 
Explanation:
Depression in freezing point is given by:
= Depression in freezing point
i= vant hoff factor = 1 (for non electrolyte)
= freezing point constant = 
m= molality
Weight of solvent (benzene)= 1480 g =1.48 kg
Molar mass of solute (octane) = 114.0 g/mol
Mass of solute (octane) = 220 g
Thus the freezing point of a solution will be
PH stands for "Potential Hydrogen" and the PH scale ranges from 0-14. PH refers to the ability to attract hydrogen ions.
The PH of a solution either indicates acidity of the solution or alkalinity of the solution. A solution which has PH 7 above is a base solution where a solution with PH less than 7 is an acidic solution.
The electron configuration that belongs to the atom with the lowest first ionization energy is francium.
<h3>What is ionization energy? </h3>
Ionization energy is defined as the minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely electron present in outermost shell.
<h3>Ionization energy across period</h3>
Ionization energy increase as we move from left to right in the period. This can be explained as when we move from left to right along period new electron is added to the same shell which increase the nuclear charge. Hence results int he decrease in size. Due to this decrease in size more energy is required to remove electron from outermost shell.
<h3>Ionization energy along group</h3>
Ionization energy decrease as we move from top to bottom along group. This can be explained as we move from top to bottom new electron is added to new shell. Due to addition of new shell the size of atom increases which results in the decrease in the nuclear charge. Due to this less amount of energy is needed to remove an electron.
Thus, we concluded that the electron configuration that belongs to the atom with the lowest first ionization energy is francium.
learn more about ionization energy:
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s - orbitals have a spherical symmetry and the probability of finding an electron in an s orbital is equal for equal distance in x, y or z direction. i mean the probability of lets say an electron found at a distance 10 units from nuclues, its value will be same for x, y and z when u go 10 units distnace from nucleus in these directions. then the value at 5 units would be some value which also would be same for x,y and z.
Easier explanation is that if u place a ball, can u tell towards which axis it is oriented? no, its equally in all directions. So, non- directional.
However, if you have p- orbitals like dumb bells, a dumb bell can be oriented in three different directions, either x or y or z. see the pics.
