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Dehydration is removal of water.
In alcohols dehydration is α-β elimination or 1,2 elimination, it means the hydroxyl group will be removed from α-carbon while the hydrogen will be removed from near by carbon.
In case of neopentyl alcohol there is no β hydrogen present on the β carbon [as shown in figure].
The only possible way for it to undergo dehydration is by rearrangement.
The process or mechanism can be understood as:
so the chief product is 2-methylbut-2-ene
The activation energy is the minimum amount of energy that particles must have in order for them to participate in a chemical reaction. During chemical reactions bonds are broken and formed. Particles must collide with sufficient energy in order for the initial bonds to be broken. The activation energy is that that initial minimum energy that the particles can have in order for the bonds to be broken. Stronger bonds would require more energy to be broken and therefore the activation energy for such would be higher.
1) same amount of carbon atoms.
That is why it is still called butane and butene.
but- always signifies 4 carbons