Conductivity, malleability, and high melting points. Hope this helps :)
Answer:
What information can climatologists learn from fossils? Fossils of plants and animals can show adaptations that organisms had for a particular type of climate that existed millions of years ago. Climatologists look at many pieces of evidence to study climate change. These pieces of evidence can support each other.
Explanation:
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Answer is: household ammonia has 10 times higher H⁺ concentration.
1) pH(household ammonia) = 11.5.
pH = -log[H⁺], approximately the negative of the base 10 logarithm of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions.
[H⁺] = 10∧(-pH).
[H⁺] = 10∧(-11.5).
[H⁺] = 3.16·10⁻¹² M; concentration of hydrogen ions.
2) pH(household bleach) = 12.5.
[H⁺] = 10∧(-12.5).
[H⁺] = 3.16·10⁻¹³ M.
3) 3.16·10⁻¹² M / 3.16·10⁻¹³ M = 10.
Answer:
The pKa of the conjugate acid is 17.7
Explanation:
If hydrogen is removed from water, the equilibrium concentration of the conjugate acid according to the information given in the question becomes,
Kₐ = [OH⁻]/[H₂O]
Now, we determine the equivalent pKa
pKa = -log[ka]
pKa = -log[100]
pKa = -2
Removal of hydrogen from water is reversible as shown below;
H₂O ⇄ OH⁻ + H⁺
15.7 -2
This reaction is reversible, and the difference in pKa = pKa[H₂O] - pKa[H⁺];
pKa of the conjugate acid = 15.7 - (-2) = 17.7
The pKa of the conjugate acid is 17.7
