ADVANTAGE
PEOPLE USED CERTAIN UNIT OF MEASUREMENT IN THEIR SPECIFIC REGION WHICH IS NOT ACCEPTED BY WORLD IN CGS SYSTEM.CGS UNIT MADE
DIFFICULTY IN TRADE. LATER SI UNIT OF MEASUREMENT HAVE BEEN ADOPTED IN 1960 AD TO BRING THE uniformity IN measurement throughout THE WORLD. SI SYSTEM MADE THE MEASURENT AROUND WORLD MORE EFFECTIVE AND LESS COFUSING THAN CGS UNIT.
We want to study the impact of a sledgehammer and a wall.
Before the sledgehammer hits the wall, it has a given velocity and a given mass, so it has momentum and it has kinetic energy.
When it hits the wall, the velocity of the hammer disappears, this means that the energy is transferred to the wall, this "transfer of energy" can be thought of a force applied for a really short time on the wall, which for the third law of Newton, the force is also applied on the hammer.
This is why you feel the impact on the handle when you hit something with a hammer, this also means that some of the energy is dissipated on your arms.
Now, because the wall is made of a material usually not as strong as the head of the sledgehammer, we will see that in this interaction the wall seems more affected than the hammer, but the forces that each one experiences are exactly equal in magnitude.
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Answer:
The solution(s) are in order with respect to the attachments
Joules ; 5. Adding the same amount of heat to two different objects will produce the same increase in temperature ; 2. Same speed in both ; 2. A
Explanation:
Diagram 1 ( Liquid Nitrogen ) : So as you can see, we want our units in Joules here, and can therefore multiply the mass of gaseous nitrogen and the latent heat of liquid nitrogen, to cancel the units kg, and receive our solution - in terms of Joules. Let's do it.
q ( energy removed ) = mass of nitrogen 
latent heat of liquid nitrogen,
q = 1.3 kg 2.01 10⁵ J / kg = 
= 
= 
= 
Joules = 
kiloJoules = 2.613 10⁵Joules is the energy that must be removed
Diagram 2 : The same amount of heat does not necessarily mean the same increase in temperature for two different objects. The increase in temperature depends on the specific heat capacity of the substance. Therefore your solution is 5 ) Adding the same amount of heat to two different objects will produce the same increase in temperature.
Diagram 3 : The temperatures in both glasses are the same, and hence the molecules have the same average speed. Therefore your solution is 2 ) Same speed in both.
Diagram 4 : Glass A has more water molecules, and hence has more thermal energy. Your solution is 2 ) A.
While skydiving, its not just freely falling under Earth's gravity. Additional force called drag acts against the gravity which slows down the rate of fall. Drag is caused by the air molecules which pushes against the body as it falls through them. This is actually a significant amount of force which slows down the rate of fall of the body. Drag depends on the contact surface area and weight. More the surface area in contact, more would be the drag. The sitting position of the skydiver would experience less drag than the chest down position because of the less contact surface area of the body with the air molecules while in the former case. No two persons have identical body shape and weight. Hence, the rate of fall can be made nearly equal but not exactly equal. This is would be possible when they are having same body position.
