The first line of defence (or outside defence system) includes physical and chemical barriers that are always ready and prepared to defend the body from infection. These include your skin, tears, mucus, cilia, stomach acid, urine flow, 'friendly' bacteria and white blood cells called neutrophils.
Disruption in protein homeostasis leads to the appearance and accumulation of intermediate nonnative conformations that tend to form oligomeric and aggregated species, which over time cause cellular injury..
1 - introduced to a habitat similar to their own
3 - outcompete native species
4 - generally have no native predators
6 - often have high reproductive rates
8 - can tolerate a range of conditions
A. Fungi, the fungus surrounds the algae cells to act as a protective layer
DNA technology in agriculture has been used to create Genetically Modified Organism. The plants can be modified to be resistant to drought and diseases/pests and have increased yield
Bees have been genetically modified not to sting while producing more honey.
Explanation:
DNA technology mainly involves the manipulation of the genome of an organism. Usually a foreign DNA is inserted in the genome of another organism to impart it with desired characteristics or remove undesired ones.
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Learn more about DNA technology
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