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3 years ago

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The major reason for chemical bonding is _____.. . . for atoms to gain the stability of the octet. to form a substance in low su

pply. to use up an oversupply of atoms. to produce energy

1 answer:

Otrada [13]3 years ago

7 0

In my opinion, the best answer among the choices listed above is the first option. The major reason for chemical bonding is <span>for atoms to gain the stability of the octet. In general, chemical reactions happen in order for substances achieve stability or appropriately achieve equilibrium.</span>

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I need help with this assignment

yuradex [85]

The answers for the following sums is given below.

1. $Pd_{2}H_{2}$

2. $C_{2} H_{6}$

3. $C_{2} H_{2} O_{2} Cl_{2}$

4. $C_{3}Cl_{3} N_{3}$

5. $Tl_{2 } C_{4} H_{4}O_{6}$

6. $C_{8}H_{8}$

7. $N_{2}O_{5}$

8. $P_{4}O_{6}$

9. $C_{4}H_{8} O_{2}$

Explanation:

1.Given:

Molar mass=216.8g

Molecular formula=Pd $H_{2}$

we know;

Molecular formula=n(Empirical formula)

molecular weight of palladium(Pd)=106.4u

molecular weight of hydrogen(H)=1u

Molar mass of Pd $H_{2}$ :

Pd=106.4×1=106.4u

H=1×2=2

molar mass of Pd $H_{2}$ =106.4+2=108.4

n= $\frac{216.8}{106.4}$

<u><em>n=2</em></u>

Molecular formula=2(Pd $H_{2}$ )

Molecular formula= $Pd_{2}H_{2}$

Therefore the molecular formula of the compound is $Pd_{2}H_{2}$

2. Given:

Molar mass=30.0g

Molecular formula= $CH_{3}$

we know;

Molecular formula = n (Empirical formula)

molecular weight of Carbon(C)=12.01u

molecular weight of hydrogen(H)=1u

Molar mass of $CH_{3}$ :

C=12.01 × 1 = 12.01u

H=1 × 3 = 3u

molar mass of $CH_{3}$ =12.01 + 3 =15.01u

n= $\frac{30.0}{15.01}$

<u><em>n=2</em></u>

Molecular formula=2( $CH_{3}$ )

Molecular formula= $C_{2} H_{6}$

Therefore the molecular formula of the compound is $C_{2} H_{6}$

3. Given:

Molar mass=129g

Molecular formula=CHOCl

we know;

Molecular formula = n (Empirical formula)

molecular weight of Carbon(C)=12.01u

molecular weight of hydrogen(H)=1u

molecular weight of oxygen(O)=16.00u

molecular weight of chlorie(Cl)=35.5u

Molar mass of CHOCl:

C=12.01 × 1 = 12.01u

H=1 × 1 = 1u

O=16.00×1=16.00u

Cl=35.5×1=35.5u

molar mass of CHOCl=12.01+1+16.00+35.5=64.5u

n= $\frac{129}{64.5}$

<u><em>n=2</em></u>

Molecular formula=2(CHOCl)

Molecular formula= $C_{2} H_{2} O_{2} Cl_{2}$

Therefore the molecular formula of the compound is $C_{2} H_{2} O_{2} Cl_{2}$

5. Given:

Molar mass=577g

Molecular formula= $TlC_{2} H_{2}O_{3}$

we know;

Molecular formula = n (Empirical formula)

molecular weight of Carbon(C)=12.01u

molecular weight of Thallium(Tl)=204.3u

molecular weight of hydrogen(H)=1u

molecular weight of oxygen(O)=16.00u

Molar mass of $TlC_{2} H_{2}O_{3}$ :

C=12.01 × 2= 24.02u

Tl=204.3×1=204.3u

H=1×2=2u

O=16.00×3=48.00

molar mass of $TlC_{2} H_{2}O_{3}$ =204.3+24.02+1+48.00=278.32u

n= $\frac{577}{278.32}$

<u><em>n=2</em></u>

Molecular formula=2 ( $TlC_{2} H_{2}O_{3}$ )

Molecular formula= $Tl_{2 } C_{4} H_{4}O_{6}$

Therefore the molecular formula of the compound is $Tl_{2 } C_{4} H_{4}O_{6}$

4. Molar mass=184.5g

Molecular formula=CClN

we know;

Molecular formula = n (Empirical formula)

molecular weight of Carbon(C)=12.01u

molecular weight of Nitrogen(N)=14u

molecular weight of chlorine(Cl)=35.5u

Molar mass of CClN:

C=12.01 × 1 = 12.01u

N=1×14=14U

Cl=35.5×1=35.5u

molar mass of CClN=12.01+14+35.5=61.5u

n= $\frac{184.5}{61.5}$

<u><em>n=3</em></u>

Molecular formula=3 (CClN)

Molecular formula= $C_{3}Cl_{3} N_{3}$

Therefore the molecular formula of the compound is $C_{3}Cl_{3} N_{3}$

6. For the table refer the attached file.

Simplest ratio of elements:

Carbon=8

Hydrogen=8

Empirical formula= $C_{8}H_{8}$

Molecular formula = $C_{8}H_{8}$

Molar mass of $C_{8}H_{8}$ :

molecular weight of carbon=12.04u

molecular weight of hydrogen=1u

C=8×12.01=96.08u

H=1×8=8u

molar mass of $C_{8}H_{8}$ =96.08+8=104.08u

n=104.08÷78.0

<em><u>n=1</u></em>

Molecular formula = n(Empirical formula)

Molecular formula = 1( $C_{8}H_{8}$ )

Molecular formula = $C_{8}H_{8}$

Therefore the molecular formula of a compound is $C_{8}H_{8}$

7. Given:

mass of oxide of nitrogen=108g

mass of nitrogen=4.02g

mass of oxygen=11.48g

moles of nitrogen= $\frac{4.04}{14.01}$ = 0.289 moles

moles of oxygen= $\frac{11.46}{15.999}$ =0.716 moles

We divide through by the lowest molar quantity to give an empirical formula of $N_{2} O{5}$ .

Now the molecular formula is multiple of the empirical formula.

So,

108 = n × (2×14.01 + 5×15.999)

Clearly,n=1, and the molecular formula is $N_{2}O_{5}$ .

8.For the table refer the attached file.

Simplest ratio of elements:

Phosphorus=2

Oxygen=3

We know;

Empirical formula= $P_{2} O_{3}$

molecular formula= 2(Empirical formula)

Molecular formula =2( $P_{2} O_{3}$ )

Molecular formula = $P_{4}O_{6}$

Therefore the molecular formula of the compound is $P_{4}O_{6}$

9. For the table refer the attached file.

Simplest ratio of elements:

Carbon=2

Hydrogen=9

Oxygen=2

We know;

Empirical formula = $C_{2} H_{4} O$

Molecular formula = 2(Empirical formula)

Molecular formula =2( $C_{2} H_{4} O$ )

Molecular formula = $C_{4}H_{8} O_{2}$

Therefore the molecular formula of the compound is $C_{4}H_{8} O_{2}$

4 0

3 years ago

Which of the following are characteristics of vertebrates?

djverab [1.8K]

<span><u><em>Answer:</em></u>
All of the above

<u><em>Explanation:</em></u>
Vertebrates are a class of creatures falling under kingdom "<u>Animalia</u>" that are characterized by the presence of an internal skeleton composed of bones.

<u>Vertebrates are characterized by the following:</u>
1- presence of internal skeleton
2- developed brain
3- the presence of an advanced nervous system connected to the brain
4- presence of muscles that allow movement
5- protective skin
6- circulation of blood in the bodies in the vessels

Comparing the mentioned characteristics with the options given, we will find that the most suitable answer is: <u>"all of the above"</u>.

Hope this helps :)</span>

5 0

3 years ago

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Draw the structure of 5 bromo 1,1,1-trichloro-5 ethyl <br> 2,3 di methyl heptane

andre [41]

5 bromo 1.1.1 -trichloro -5 ethyl 2.3 dimethyl heptane

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3 years ago

If decomposition of 1 mole of ethylene with a gas density of 0.215g/mL starts at 29 degree celcius and the temperature increases

stellarik [79]

We calculate first the initial pressure of the gas.
P = nRT/V
= (0.215 g/mL)(1 mol/16 g)(0.0821 L.atm/mol K)(302K)
= 0.333 atm
Using the relationship between the pressure and temperature,
P1/T1 = P2/T2
Substituting the known values,
(0.333 atm) / (29 + 273) = P2/(950)
P2 = 1.05 atm

7 0

3 years ago

Which of the following does not influence the effectiveness of a detergent? A-air temperature B-water temperature C-energy appli

Natasha2012 [34]

<em> A-air temperature does not influence the effectiveness of a detergent</em>

$\boxed{\boxed{\bold{Further~explanation}}}$

In chemical reactions several factors influence among others:

1. Temperature

The temperature of the reaction that is raised will cause the particles to move more actively so that collisions between particles will become more frequent so that the speed of chemical reactions will be greater

2. Pressure

Addition of pressure will increase the concentration because the volume is reduced, a greater concentration will accelerate the reaction

3. Concentration / substance level

The greater the level, the more substances dissolved and involved in the reaction, thereby increasing the speed of the reaction

4. Stirring

The mechanical force applied to the solution that reacts will cause more collisions to accelerate the reaction

5 Catalysts

Addition of a catalyst to accelerate the reaction without reaction with reactant substances

Detergents are used as cleaning removers of dirt on clothes or oily/fatty items

The main structure of detergent is surfactant which has hydrophobic (binding fat) and hydrophilic (which binds water) parts

Surfactants also function to reduce water surface tension so that it is easier to bind dirt

Surfactants can be anionic in which there are derivatives of Benzene, namely: Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate obtained from sulfonation reactions where hydrogen in benzene is substituted by sulfonate groups (HSO₃⁻) reaction with sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)

If we see the answer choices:

A. Air temperature

Air does not play a role in the reaction or cleaning process of dirt by detergents, so it is not an effective or ineffective factor in detergent cleaning

B. Water temperature

The right water temperature by adjusting the conditions of clothing materials will increase the effectiveness of detergents, for example, hot temperatures suitable for lifting oil/oil stains, warm/cold temperatures for clothes that are not too dirty and made of silk/wool

C. Energy gave

The energy in the cleaning process can be done through mechanical energy so that the collision between the particles of detergent and dirt will occur more so that faster removal of dirt

D. the length and frequency of the treatment

Sufficient time and the frequency of contact between detergents and ingredients, especially for dirty and hard-to-lose materials, will make removal of dirt better

$\boxed{\boxed{\bold{Learn~more}}}$

the effect of temperature and surface area on the rate of chemical reactions

brainly.com/question/3790472

The factor causes the particles in a chemical reaction to slow down

brainly.com/question/11504796

the factor can decrease the rate of a chemical reaction

brainly.com/question/807610

factors could be used to increase the reaction rate

brainly.com/question/11482161

Keywords: detergent, reaction rate, temperature, Catalysts, Pressure, Concentration/substance level

3 0

3 years ago

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