The angle of the Sun above the horizon, which is the solar altitude, influences the intensity ofsolar radiation received at Earth’s surface. At the place on Earth where the Sun is directlyoverhead, the local solar altitude has its maximum value of 90 degrees and solar rays are mostconcentrated. Whenever the Sun is positioned lower in the sky, solar radiation spreads over alarger area of Earth’s horizontal surface and thus is less intense. Solar radiation reaches theplanet essentially as parallel beams of uniform intensity. The nearly spherical Earth presents acurved surface to incoming solar radiation so that the noon solar altitude always varies withlatitude. The intensity of solar radiation actually striking Earth’s atmosphere is greatest at thelatitude where the noon Sun is in the zenith and decreases with distance north and south of thatlatitude. Decreasing solar altitude lengthens the path of the Sun’s rays through the atmosphere.As the path lengthens, the greater interaction of solar radiation with clouds, gases and aerosols<span>reduces its intensity</span>
Strong forces:
- are forces holding nucleons together
- are independent of electric charge
- act only over a very short distance
So, correct answer is 4) all of these
Explanation:
The strong force is one of the 4 fundamental forces of nature. It is responsible for holding the nucleons (protons and neutrons) together into the nucleus of the atom.
In fact, the protons inside the nucleus of an atom experience a repulsive, electrostatic force between each other: if this force was not balanced, the protons will simply fly away from each other, and the nucleus would break apart, so no nucleus could exist.
The strong force acts to prevent this effect: the strong force is attractive at such short scales, and it holds the protons and the neutrons together. It is independent of the electric charge: in fact, it acts in the same way on protons and neutrons, being attractive in both cases. Also, the strong force acts only over very short distances, so it acts only inside the nucleus of an atom.
Therefore, all the statements are correct, so the correct option is
4) all of these
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Sand dunes during the Dust Bowl are an example of windward.
The sand dunes are formed due to high movement of wind in the deserts which make dunes in the direction where wind is moving. Windward refers to facing the wind or situated on the side facing the wind so in those regions where the wind moves bring sand with itself and make dunes in that area so we can conclude that sand dunes are formed in the windward regions.
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Answer:<span>Humid air is lighter, so it has lower pressure.
The reason is the molecules of water are H2O, whose molar mass is 18 g/mol.
These molecules displaces molecules of N2 and O2, whose molar masses are:
N2: 2*14g/mol = 28 g/mol, and
O2: 2*16g/mol = 32 g/mol.
Then molecules of 28g/mol and 32 g/mol are being replaced with molecules of 18g/mol, leading to a lower weight of the same volume of air, which results in lower pressure.
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